TABLE 1. Immunophenotype of MSCs and NPCs.
| MSCa | NPC | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ligand(s) | Rodent | Human | Rodent | Human | |
| Chemokine receptors | |||||
| CCR1 (CD191) | Macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α/CCL3, Regulated on Activation Normal T Expressed and Secreted protein (RANTES)/CCL5, Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-3/CCL7, and Myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor (MPIF)-1/CCL23 | ± | + | ||
| CCR2 (CD192) | Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1/CCL2 | + | +b | + | |
| CCR3 (CD193) | Eotaxin/CCL11, Eotaxin-3/CCL26, CCL7, MCP-4/CCL13, and CCL5 | ± b | |||
| CCR4 (CD194) | CCL2, MIP-1β/CCL4, CCL5, Thymus and Activation Regulated Chemokine (TARC)/CCL17, Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC)/CCL22 | ± b | |||
| CCR5 (CD195) | CCL5, CCL3, CCL4, CCL31 | + | + | ± | |
| CCR5 (CD196) | MIP3 α/CCL6 | + | |||
| CCR7 (CD197) | EBI1 Ligand Chemokine (ELC)/CCL19 and secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC)/CCL21 | + | |||
| CCR8 (CDw198) | CCL1 | + | |||
| CCR9 (CDw199) | Thymus-Expressed Chemokine (TECK)/CCL25 | + | + | ||
| CXCR1 (CD181) | Neutrophil chemotactic factor (IL-8) | + | |||
| CXCR2 (CD182) | IL-8, Neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3)/CXCL1, MIP-2α/CXCL2, MIP-2β/CXCL3 | + | |||
| CXCR3 (CD183) | Platelet Factor 4 (PF4)/CXCL4, Monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG)/CXCL9), Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10)/CXCL10, Interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (I-TAC)/CXCL11 | + | + | ||
| CXCR4 (CD184) | Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1 α/CXCL12 | + | ± | + | + |
| CXCR5 (CD185) | B lymphocyte chemoattractant (BLC)/CXCL13 | + | |||
| CXCR6 (CD186) | CXCL16 | + | + | ||
| CX3CR1 (GPR 13) | Fractalkine/CXC3CL1 | + | + | ||
| Integrins | |||||
| α1 (CD49a) | Collagen and Laminin | + | − | ||
| α2 (CD49b) | Multiple on cellular membrane (role in cell adhesion) | +low | + | ||
| α4 (CD49d) | Galectins, Paxillin, multiple on ECM | ± | + | ||
| α5 (CD49e) | Fibronectin, role in cell-surface mediated signaling | + | ± | ||
| α6 (CD49f ) | Tetraspannins, role in cell-surface mediated signaling | low | + | ||
| αv (CD51) | Vitronectin receptor and multiple on ECM | +low | |||
| β1 (CD29) | Netrin-1 and Reelin, multiple on ECM | + | |||
| β2 (CD18) | Multiple, role in cell adhesion and cell-surface mediated signaling | − | + | ||
| β3(CD61) | Multiple, role in cell adhesion and cell-surface mediated signaling | + | |||
| β4(CD104) | Laminins, multiple on ECM | + | |||
| Clusters designation (CDs) | |||||
| CD11b | Inactivated complement component 3b (iC3b) | − | |||
| CD13 | Not known | ± | + | ||
| CD14 | Co-receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) | − | |||
| CD19 | CD81, CD82, Complement receptor 2, VAV2 | − | |||
| CD24 | Multiple, role in cell adhesion | − | low | ||
| CD34 | Multiple on ECM, role in cell adhesion | ± | − | − | |
| CD40 | CD40L (CD154) | − | − | ||
| CD44 | Hyaluronic acid (HA), Osteopontin, Collagens, Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) | + | + | + | + |
| CD45 | Multiple, role in cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation | ± | − | − | − |
| CD54 | Multiple integrins, including CD11a/CD18 or CD11b/CD18 | + | |||
| CD56 | Multiple, role in cell–cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory | − | − | + | + |
| CD71 | Transferrin | + | |||
| CD73 | Not known | + | + | ||
| CD79 | Not known | − | |||
| CD80 | CD28 and Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA)-4/CD152 | − | ± | ||
| CD86 | CD28 and CD152 | − | ± | ||
| CD90 | Not known | + | + | ||
| CD105 | Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and β3, Activin A, bone morphogenetic protein 2 and 7 | + | + | ||
| CD106 | α and β integrins, role in cell adhesion | + | |||
| CD107 | Stem Cell Factor (SCF) | ± | − | ||
| CD133 | Not known | − | + | + | |
| CD166 | CD6 | + | |||
| CD271 | Nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin (NT)-3 and –4 | ± | + | + | |
| Toll-like receptors (TLRs) | |||||
| TLR 1 (CD281) | Triacyl lipopeptides | + | + | ||
| TLR 2 (CD282) | Peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, porins, lipopeptides, lipoglycans, zymosan | + | + | +b | +b |
| TLR 3 (CD283) | Double-stranded RNA | + | + | + | + |
| TLR 4 (CD284) | Lipopolysaccharide, glycans, envelope proteins, glycoinositolphospholipids | + | + | +b | +b |
| TLR 5 (CD285) | Flagellin | + | + | ||
| TLR 6 (CD286) | Lipoteichoic acid, lipopeptides, zymosan | + | + | ||
| TLR 7 (CD287) | Single-stranded RNA | ± | ± | ||
| TLR 8 (CD288) | Single-stranded RNA | ± | ± | ||
| TLR 9 (CD289) | CpG DNA, hemozoin | ± | ± | ||
| TLR 10 (CD2909) | Not known | ± | ± | ||
| Other | |||||
| Lin | Not known | + | |||
| MHC-I (HLA- ABC) | Not known | +lowb | + | ||
| MHC-II (HLA-DR) | Not known | − | − | − b | − b |
| Sca-1 | Not known | + | + | + | |
| Stro-1 | Not known | + | + | − | |
a
Evidence from bone marrow-derived MSCs only are quoted.
b
Upregulated under inflammatory conditions. Data in Table 1 are in part summarized in (Chamberlain et al., 2008; Hall et al., 2006; Martino and Pluchino 2006; Pluchino et al., 2009b; Rojewski et al., 2008; Uccelli et al., 2008; Yuan et al., 2011).