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. 2014 Jun 13;9:2919–2932. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S59799

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© 2014 Zhang et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Apoptosis was also verified through flow cytometry.

Notes: HepG2 cells were treated with (A) negative control, (B) NSC-NPs, (C) LDL-NSC-NPs, (D) 100 μg·mL⁻¹ Ost, (E) 100 μg·mL⁻¹ Ost/NSC-NPs, and (F) 100 μg·mL⁻¹ Ost/LDL-NSC-NPs, and then stained with Annexin V–FITC and PI. Flow cytometry profile shows Annexin V–FITC staining on the x-axis and PI on the y-axis.

Abbreviations: FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NPs, nanoparticles; NSC, N-succinyl-chitosan; Ost, osthole; PI, propidium iodide; FL, fluorescence.