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. 2014 Jun 20;9(6):e100196. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100196

Figure 8. HIV+ sup ± morphine-mediated GSK3β activation.

Figure 8

Cells were lysed and immunoblotted for p-GSKβ-S9 (an inactive form of GSKβ), t- GSKβ (total GSKβ) and GAPDH in neuronal cultures at 24 h after treatment. Findings were reported as a percent of control values of p-GSKβ-S9 levels normalized with t-GSKβ (p-GSKβ-S9/t-GSKβ) ± SEM. Significance was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test, from n = 3 separate experiments. HIV+ sup caused significant loss of p-GSKβ-S9 (*p<0.05 vs. C). Treatment with morphine alone also caused significant loss of p-GSKβ-S9, and morphine co-treatment significantly augmented the HIV+ sup-mediated effect (# p<0.05). The effects of morphine were blocked by naloxone. C =  Controlsup; H =  HIV+ sup (p24 = 25 pg/ml); M =  morphine sulfate (500 nM); N =  naloxone (1.5 µM).