Figure 5. Dynamic regulation of subcellular localization of Jmjd3. A model for the regulation of nuclear import and nuclear export of Jmjd3. Left: in non-stimulated cells, Jmjd3 is localized to both cytoplasm and nucleus. Nuclear export and import of Jmjd3 is mediated by Exportin-1 and presumably mediated by Importin-α/β, respectively. Right: Exportin-1 mediated nuclear export of Jmjd3 is enhanced by extrinsic stimuli such as MMC treatment. This results in a reduction of nuclear Jmjd3 protein.