Table 1.
Comparison of clinical variables before and after treatment in the sitagliptin and control groups
| Clinical variable | Sitagliptin | Control | Change from baseline to 3 months | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 3 months | P* | Baseline | 3 months | P* | Sitagliptin | Control | P** | |
| Body weight, kg | 61.5 ± 12.4 | 61.2 ± 12.3 | 0.52 | 66.1 ± 11.0 | 66.1 ± 11.7 | 0.75 | −0.25 ± 1.28 | 0.0 ± 1.16 | 0.49 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.0 ± 3.0 | 22.9 ± 3.0 | 0.52 | 24.4 ± 1.5 | 24.4 ± 1.70 | 0.84 | −0.10 ± 0.47 | −0.01 ± 0.40 | 0.53 |
| WC, cm | 83.4 ± 9.0 | 84.1 ± 8.2 | 0.49 | 86.4 ± 5.3 | 88.0 ± 5.4 | 0.12 | +0.77 ± 3.61 | +1.48 ± 3.12 | 0.52 |
|
FPG, mmol/L (mg/dL) |
8.05 ± 1.56 (144.8 ± 28.2) |
7.26 ± 1.04 (130.6 ± 18.6) |
0.09 |
8.12 ± 1.34 (146.3 ± 24.5) |
7.88 ± 1.36 (141.8 ± 24.5) |
0.29 |
−0.79 ± 1.38 (−14.2 ± 25.0) |
−0.25 ± 0.71 (−4.5 ± 12.8) |
0.28 |
|
2-h PPG, mmol/L (mg/dL) |
13.37 ± 2.74 (240.7 ± 49.3) |
10.32 ± 1.36 (185.8 ± 24.4) |
<0.005 |
11.50 ± 4.2 (207.3 ± 76.4) |
12.0 ± 3.66 (216.0 ± 65.8) |
0.58 |
−3.05 ± 2.25 (−54.9 ± 40.5) |
+0.48 ± 2.7 (+8.7 ± 48.7) |
<0.05 |
| HbA1c (%, NGSP) | 7.73 ± 0.54 | 6.86 ± 0.47 | <0.001 | 7.20 ± 1.42 | 7.37 ± 1.65 | 0.20 | −0.88 ± 0.60 | +0.17 ± 0.39 | <0.0005 |
|
F-IRI, pmol/L (ng/mL) |
20.8 ± 9.0 (3.5 ± 1.5) |
28.4 ± 16.8 (4.7 ± 2.8) |
<0.05 |
28.7 ± 19.3 (4.8 ± 3.2) |
32.9 ± 14.1 (5.5 ± 2.4) |
0.36 |
+7.56 ± 8.52 (+1.26 ± 1.42) |
+4.14 ± 13.6 (+0.69 ± 2.27) |
0.49 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.27 ± 0.71 | 1.53 ± 0.40 | <0.05 | 1.68 ± 1.13 | 1.82 ± 0.59 | 0.65 | +0.27 ± 0.33 | +0.14 ± 0.93 | 0.48 |
| ISI (Matsuda’s index) | 10.4 ± 5.7 | 10.4 ± 7.3 | 0.95 | 8.15 ± 4.1 | 6.63 ± 2.54 | 0.34 | −0.08 ± 4.35 | −1.54 ± 4.95 | 0.72 |
| Insulinogenic index | 20.1 ± 15.7 | 36.9 ± 24.1 | <0.05 | 21.8 ± 11.5 | 22.0 ± 13.9 | 0.96 | +16.7 ± 23.7 | +0.1 ± 7.9 | <0.005 |
| AUC glucose, mmol/L·h | 23.2 ± 3.9 | 19.1 ± 2.8 | <0.005 | 21.7 ± 5.2 | 21.7 ± 4.9 | 0.95 | −4.01 ± 3.50 | +0.05 ± 2.43 | <0.01 |
| AUC insulin, pmol/L·h | 166.9 ± 76.2 | 204.7 ± 114.4 | 0.14 | 221.5 ± 103.4 | 228.6 ± 99.8 | 0.76 | +37.7 ± 78.7 | +7.10 ± 72.5 | 0.36 |
| AUC insulin/AUC glucose | 7.2 ± 19.3 | 10.7 ± 41.2 | <0.05 | 10.2 ± 19.9 | 10.5 ± 20.2 | 0.63 | +3.5 ± 0.3 | +0.5 ± 3.1 | 0.12 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.28 ± 0.56 | 3.20 ± 0.63 | 0.61 | 3.29 ± 0.98 | 2.92 ± 0.76 | 0.10 | −0.08 ± 0.57 | −0.36 ± 0.62 | 0.31 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.67 ± 0.37 | 1.57 ± 0.49 | 0.12 | 1.62 ± 0.26 | 1.83 ± 0.59 | 0.29 | −0.09 ± 0.18 | +0.21 ± 0.61 | 0.13 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.19 ± 0.53 | 1.36 ± 0.77 | 0.27 | 1.63 ± 1.31 | 1.36 ± 0.78 | 0.24 | +0.17 ± 0.49 | −0.28 ± 0.70 | 0.10 |
Data are mean ± standard deviation
AUC area under the concentration–time curve, BMI body mass index, F-IRI fasting immunoreactive insulin, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, ISI insulin sensitivity index, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, NGSP National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program, PPG postprandial glucose, TG triglyceride, WC waist circumference
* Paired t test, except HOMA-IR, ISI, and insulinogenic index (Wilcoxon rank-sum test)
** Unpaired t test, except HOMA-IR, ISI, and insulinogenic index (Mann–Whitney U test)