Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population, stratified according to whether they ever or never had a PSA test (N (%), unless otherwise stated)
|
Population characteristics |
PSA tested |
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Ever |
Never |
|
||
| N = 2,473 (68.2%) | N = 1,153 (31.8%) | p-value | |||
|
Socio-demographic characteristics | |||||
| Age at interview |
Years |
Median, (IQR) |
64 (57, 71) |
59 (54, 69) |
<0.001 |
| Marital status |
Married |
N (%) |
1,916 (77.4) |
795 (69.0) |
<0.001 |
| |
Single |
N (%) |
248 (10.0) |
178 (15.4) |
|
| |
Sep/Divorced |
N (%) |
112 (4.5) |
89 (7.7) |
|
| |
Widowed |
N (%) |
199 (8.0) |
91 (7.9) |
|
| Education |
Primary |
N (%) |
771 (31.2) |
425 (36.9) |
<0.001 |
| |
Secondary |
N (%) |
952 (38.5) |
463 (40.2) |
|
| |
Third Level |
N (%) |
752 (30.4) |
265 (23.0) |
|
| Employment |
Employed |
N (%) |
1,007 (40.7) |
508 (44.1) |
<0.001 |
| |
Retired |
N (%) |
1,225 (49.5) |
406 (35.2) |
|
| |
Other |
N (%) |
243 (9.8) |
239 (20.7) |
|
| Smoking status |
Never |
N (%) |
919 (37.2) |
374 (32.4) |
<0.001 |
| |
Past |
N (%) |
1,215 (49.1) |
471 (40.8) |
|
| |
Current |
N (%) |
340 (13.7) |
308 (26.7) |
|
| PHI |
At time of CAPI |
N (%) |
1,618 (65.4) |
514 (44.6) |
<0.001 |
|
Health-care utilisation | |||||
| No. of GP visits |
year pre-CAPI |
Median (IQR) |
3 (1,5) |
2 (0, 4) |
<0.001 |
| Cholesterol test |
Ever |
N (%) |
2,408 (97.4) |
791 (68.9) |
<0.001 |
| Influenza Vaccine |
Ever |
N (%) |
1,352 (54.6) |
468 (40.6) |
<0.001 |
| No. of medicines |
Self-reported |
Median (IQR) |
2 (0, 4) |
1 (0, 3) |
<0.001 |
| |
BPH-Medicine |
N (%) |
166 (4.7) |
21 (1.8) |
<0.002 |
| |
Aspirin |
N (%) |
673 (27.2) |
216 (18.7) |
<0.001 |
| |
Statin |
N (%) |
869 (35.1) |
277 (24.0) |
<0.001 |
| GMS eligibility |
At time of CAPI |
N (%) |
1,072 (43.3) |
544 (47.2) |
0.029 |
|
Physical, mental and emotional health | |||||
| Overall health1 |
Excellent/Very good |
N (%) |
1,398 (56.5) |
601 (52.3) |
0.012 |
| Good |
N (%) |
690 (27.9) |
376 (32.7) |
|
|
| Fair/Poor |
N (%) |
386 (15.6) |
173 (15.0) |
|
|
| No. chronic illnesses |
|
Median (IQR) |
2 (1, 3) |
1 (0,2) |
<0.001 |
| Cancer diagnosis |
Ever |
N (%) |
179 (7.2) |
24 (2.1) |
<0.001 |
| |
Prostate cancer |
N (%) |
93 (3.8) |
0 (0) |
<0.001 |
| Frailty |
Not frail |
N (%) |
1,265 (51.1) |
486 (42.2) |
<0.001 |
| |
Pre-frail |
N (%) |
481 (19.5) |
244 (21.2) |
|
| |
Frail |
N (%) |
57 (2.3) |
23 (2.0) |
|
| |
Unrecorded |
N (%) |
670 (27.1) |
400 (34.7) |
|
| Emotional/Mental health1 |
Excellent/Very good |
N (%) |
1,604 (64.8) |
689 (59.8) |
0.007 |
| Good |
N (%) |
676 (27.3) |
347 (30.1) |
|
|
| Fair/Poor |
N (%) |
195 (7.9) |
117 (10.2) |
|
|
| Depression score |
CESD |
Median (IQR) |
3 (0, 6) |
3 (1, 8) |
0.001 |
| Depression |
No |
N (%) |
1,954 (79.9) |
847 (74.6) |
0.002 |
| Sub-threshold |
N (%) |
344 (14.1) |
200 (17.6) |
|
|
| Case-Level |
N (%) |
151 (6.2) |
88 (7.8) |
|
|
| Anxiety score |
HADS-A (SCQ) |
Median (IQR) |
4 (2, 7) |
5 (2, 7) |
0.167 |
| Anxiety categorical |
Not anxious |
N (%) |
1,679 (67.8) |
695 (60.2) |
0.001 |
| Borderline |
N (%) |
277 (11.2) |
115 (10.0) |
|
|
| Case-Level |
N (%) |
118 (4.8) |
75 (6.5) |
|
|
| Unclassified |
N (%) |
401 (16.2) |
268 (23.2) |
|
|
| Cognition |
MMSE score |
Median (IQR) |
29 (27, 30) |
29 (28, 30) |
|
| MMSE categorical |
Normal |
N (%) |
1,677 (67.8) |
699 (60.6) |
<0.001 |
| Mild /moderate Impairment |
N (%) |
157 (6.3) |
83 (7.2) |
|
|
| Unrecorded | N (%) | 641 (25.9) | 371 (32.2) | ||
1Self-rated overall and emotional or mental health relative to others of the same age; PHI: Private Health Insurance; CAPI: Computer Aided Personal Interview; SCQ: self-completed questionnaire, IQR: Interquartile range.