Table 5.

Neonatal Regional Total Cerebral Tissue Volumes and Risk of Persistent Attention/Hyperactivity Problems

Neonatal Regional Total Cerebral Tissue Volume, M ± SD	Attention/Hyperactivity Problem, Age 4 to 9 Years			p
	None (1)	None/Transient (2)	Persistent (3)	Overall	(1) vs. (3)	(2) vs. (3)
	Full-Term (N=6)	Very Preterm (N=67)	Very Preterm (N=13)
Dorsal prefrontal region
Absolute volume, ml	51.4 ± 15.5	44.7 ± 9.6	44.8 ± 9.1	.19	.19	.96
Relative percentage within intracranial cavity	92.1 ± 5.5	83.7 ± 8.3	78.8 ± 8.3	.001	.001	.05
Orbitofrontal region
Absolute volume, ml	11.5 ± 5.3	9.1 ± 3.8	8.7 ± 3.9	.16	.16	.76
Relative percentage within intracranial cavity	93.5 ± 3.0	87.5 ± 8.4	83.8 ± 10.8	.02	.02	.16
Premotor region
Absolute volume, ml	56.6 ± 9.2	50.6 ± 8.3	50.0 ± 6.3	.10	.10	.79
Relative percentage within intracranial cavity	93.0 ± 2.6	88.8 ± 5.1	85.0 ± 5.7	.002	.002	.02
Subgenual region
Absolute volume, ml	22.5 ± 6.3	22.6 ± 4.8	21.3 ± 4.3	.63	.63	.38
Relative percentage within intracranial cavity	84.5 ± 6.6	84.8 ± 5.3	80.7 ± 5.2	.15	.15	.01
Sensorimotor region
Absolute volume, ml	69.5 ± 7.2	55.0 ± 12.1	57.7 ± 18.0	.07	.07	.50
Relative percentage within intracranial cavity	96.9 ± 1.7	92.7 ± 4.1	89.6 ± 5.2	.001	.001	.01
Midtemporal region
Absolute volume, ml	32.5 ± 7.3	31.2 ± 5.6	30.4 ± 5.4	.46	.46	.68
Relative percentage within intracranial cavity	91.5 ± 3.8	92.7 ± 2.9	91.3 ± 3.4	.93	.93	.15
Parieto-occipital region
Absolute volume, ml	126.0 ± 8.9	115.9 ± 16.6	115.5 ± 14.0	.18	.18	.94
Relative percentage within intracranial cavity	96.7 ± 2.7	91.9 ± 5.0	89.1 ± 5.8	.003	.003	.06
Inferior occipital region with cerebellum
Absolute volume, ml	70.6 ± 13.5	80.3 ± 14.6	75.0 ± 11.6	.53	.53	.22
Relative percentage within intracranial cavity	97.4 ± 1.5	96.5 ± 2.2	95.3 ± 5.7	.16	.16	.18

Note. Reported associations persisted after adjustment for postmenstrual age at MRI, sex, and family socioeconomic status.