IF in human bronchi determined following exposure to Ca2+ free solution was compared the IF elicited by the acute addition of isoproterenol. Isoproterenol at concentration of 10-8 M to 10-5 M reduced IF. * P < 0.01 compared with control; # P < 0.01 isoproterenol 10-9 M vs. 10-5 M, 10-6 M and 10-7 M; ‡ P < 0.05 isoproterenol 10-8 M vs. 10-5 M (Fig. 7A). Data were the mean ± SE. Mean of 4 experiments, with tissue from 4 individuals. PSS containing 10-8 to 10-5 M isoproterenol had a significant decrease in level of PSS buffer basal tone in ASM (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively, data not shown). However, PSS buffer with 10-9 M isoproterenol had no significant effect on level of PSS buffer basal tone in ASM (Data not shown). However, the acute addition of isoproterenol at concentrations of 10-9 to 10-7 M for 5 min did not alter basal [Ca2+]i in HBSMCs. However, concentrations of isoproterenol at 10-6 M resulted in a significant decrease in basal [Ca2+]i compared with HBSMC exposed to HBSS (Control), isoproterenol 10-9 M and 10-8 M, * P < 0.05 (results are mean ± SE, n = 4-8 experiments, at least 50 individual cells analyzed per experiment) (Fig. 7B).