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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep. 2013 Sep;1(3):187–196. doi: 10.1007/s40141-013-0017-y

Table 2.

Dysphagia screening tests

Test Gold standard for validation Includes Clinical Evaluation Includes Sensory testing Water Trial protocol Sensitivity Specificity
Burke Dysphagia Screening Test VFSS Yes No 3oz Water swallow 88 22
Standardized Swallowing Assessment VFSS Yes No

  1. 5ml × 3

  2. Cup drinking

 68 86
Timed tests of Hinds and Wiles Symptom Quest. Yes No

  1. 5-10 ml

  2. 100-150 ml

 73 67
Bedside swallow assessment VFSS/CE Yes No

  1. 5 ml × 3

  2. 60 ml

 70 66
Toronto Bedside Swallowing Screening Test TOR-BSST© VFSS Yes Yes

  1. 5ml swallo w × 10

  2. Cup sip

 91.3 66.7
Clinical examination VFSS Yes No N/A 92 67
Modified Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability MMASA MASA Yes No N/A 93 86