Table 2.
Factors associated with undetectable HIV-RNA level (≤400 copies/mL), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1997-2011
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Year |
1.2 (1.17 - 1.22) |
<0.001 |
1.18 (1.16 - 1.21) |
<0.001 |
|
|
Ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
White |
1.00 (reference) |
|
1.00 (reference) |
|
|
|
Non-white |
0.98 (0.86 - 1.1) |
0.70 |
0.97 (0.84 - 1.11) |
0.62 |
|
|
Risk group |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Heterosexual man |
1.00 (reference) |
|
1.00 (reference) |
|
|
|
Heterosexual woman |
0.83 (0.7 - 0.98) |
0.03 |
0.93 (0.78 - 1.12) |
0.46 |
|
|
MSM |
1.02 (0.86 - 1.2) |
0.85 |
1.05 (0.87 - 1.27) |
0.61 |
|
|
IDU |
0.48 (0.31 - 0.75) |
<0.01 |
0.88 (0.5 - 1.56) |
0.66 |
|
|
Unknown |
0.99 (0.8 - 1.27) |
0.91 |
1.08 (0.86 - 1.37) |
0.50 |
|
|
Other |
0.46 (0.28 - 0.75) |
<0.001 |
0.78 (0.46 - 1.3) |
0.34 |
|
|
Education (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤8 |
1.00 (reference) |
|
1.00 (reference) |
|
|
|
>8 |
1.66 (1.46 - 1.88) |
<0.001 |
1.69 (1.47 - 1.95) |
<0.001 |
|
|
Age* (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<30 |
1,00 (reference) |
|
1.00 (reference) |
|
|
|
30-39 |
1.14 (0.94 - 1.37) |
0.19 |
1.22 (0.98 - 1.5) |
0.07 |
|
|
40-49 |
1.55 (1.27 - 1.88) |
<0.001 |
1.68 (1.34 - 2.11) |
<0.001 |
|
|
≥50 |
1.98 (1.57 - 2.49) |
<0.001 |
2.11 (1.61 - 2.77) |
<0.001 |
|
|
Years since HIV diagnosis* |
0.98 (0.97 - 1) |
0.01 |
0.92 (0.91 - 0.94) |
<0.001 |
|
|
Pre-treatment CD4+ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤200 |
1.00 (reference) |
|
1.00 (reference) |
|
|
|
201-350 |
1.01 (0.87 - 1.18) |
0.87 |
0.97 (0.82 - 1.14) |
0.73 |
|
|
351-500 |
1.19 (0.95 - 1.5) |
0.12 |
1.3 (1.02 - 1.64) |
0.03 |
|
|
>500 |
0.64 (0.49 - 0.83) |
<0.001 |
0.93 (0.7 - 1.24) |
0.62 |
|
|
Missing |
0.75 (0.62 - 0.89) |
<0.001 |
0.84 (0.69 - 1.02) |
0.08 |
|
|
Initial regimen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NRTI + NNRTI |
1.00 (reference) |
|
1.00 (reference) |
|
|
|
NRTI + PI |
0.56 (0.5 - 0.64) |
<0.001 |
0.72 (0.63 - 0.83) |
<0.001 |
|
|
ART interruption* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤1 month |
1.00 (reference) |
|
1.00 (reference) |
|
|
|
>1 month |
0.29 (0.25 - 0.37) |
<0.001 |
0.32 (0.27 - 0.38) |
<0.001 |
|
| Hep C coinfection* | 1.01 (0.8 - 1.27) | 0.95 | 1.09 (0.84 - 1.42) | 0.50 |
Results from unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression generalized estimating equations models. A total of 1,492 missing midyear viral load outcomes were excluded from the analysis. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; MSM, men who have sex with men; IDU, injecting drug user; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; Hep, Hepatitis. *Time-updated variables. Bold text indicates p-value < 0.05.