Multiple-group SEM results indicate maternal depressive symptoms (MD) at age 3 (W1) predict high levels of externalizing behavior (EXT) at age 10 (W3), only among poorly-regulated children (Standardized estimates before parentheses, n = 112). EXT at age 3 predicts low levels of MD at age 10, only among well-regulated children (Estimates in parentheses, n = 112). Covariances, residuals, nonsignificant effects, and gender effects are not shown. Chi-square difference values (Δχ2) indicate paths that differ by effortful control group. χ2(18) = 11.66, p = .86, CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = .00 [.00, .05].
*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.