Table 2.
Factors associated with clinical-imaging dissociation (C-ID) in patients with PACS and LACS and an acute infarct on DWI
| C-ID (n = 31) | No C-ID (n = 106) | Univariate statistic and test score | Univariate p value | Multivariate p value | Multivariate OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, years | 71 ± 11 | 70 ±13 | Student's t test −0.4 | 0.69 | 0.1 | 1.04 (0.98–1.10)1 |
| Gender, male | 19 (61) | 64 (60) | χ2 0.008 | 0.93 | 0.74 | 1.21 (0.40–3.70) |
| Medical history | ||||||
| Previous stroke, % | 12 (39) | 24 (23) | χ2 3.03 | 0.08 | 0.14 | 2.38 (0.74–7.60) |
| Hypertension, % | 23 (74) | 58 (56) | χ2 3.52 | 0.06 | 0.88 | 1.09 (0.36–3.34) |
| Diabetes, % | 9 (29) | 6 (6) | χ2 11.2 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 7.12 (1.86–27.2) |
| Clinical | ||||||
| Median days, onset to assessment | 16 | 11 | Mann-Whitney 5 (0–12) | 0.09 | 0.72 | 1.01 (0.96–1.07) |
| Range (IQR) | 0–97 (10–23) | 0–125 (1–22) | ||||
| Median days, onset to MRI | 21 | 15 | Mann-Whitney 8 (0–14) | 0.05 | 0.71 | 1.01 (0.9–1.06) |
| Range (IQR) | 0–97 (14–33) | 0–140 (1–31) | ||||
| MR brain imaging characteristics | ||||||
| Left hemisphere, % | 17 (55) | 61 (58) | χ2 0.07 | 0.79 | 0.49 | 1.44 (0.51–4.09) |
| WMH 2–3, %a | 16 (53) | 39 (37) | χ2 2.62 | 0.12 | 0.85 | 1.12 (0.35–3.55) |
| EPVS 2–4, %b | 19 (63) | 41 (340) | χ2 5.2 | 0.02 | 0.38 | 1.61 (0.56–4.60) |
| Brain tissue loss 2–3, %c | 8 (28) | 29 (28) | χ2 <0.001 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.33 (0.09–1.24) |
| Old stroke lesions, % | 20 (65) | 45 (42) | χ2 5.49 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 2.56 (0.89–7.36) |
EPVS = Enlarged perivascular spaces; WMH = white matter hyperintensities; IQR = interquartile range; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.
1
Odds ratio (OR) per additional year of age.
a
On Fazekas scale.
b
On EPVS scale.
c
On brain tissue loss scale.