Table 4.

Logistic regression models for benign findings in patients undergoing Whipple procedure for presumed malignancy.

Variable	OR	95% CI	P value
Gender (female)	1.229	0.625–2.49	0.55
Race (African American)	0.804	0.390–1.66	0.55
Smoking	0.966	0.445–2.09	0.93
Chronic pancreatitis	1.072	0.184–1.168	0.102
Alcohol abuse	3.221	1.362–7.261	0.002
Abdominal pain	5.829	2.681–12.674	<0.001
Jaundice	0.221	0.084–0.58	0.002
Weight loss	1.566	0.94–1.89	0.078
Mass	0.145	0.043–0.485	0.008
Dilation of ducts	0.297	0.134–0.657	0.003
Lymphadenopathy	0.874	0.478–4.736	0.485
Vascular invasion	1.00	0.357–2.80	0.99