Table 3. Association of continuing (vs holding) statins and AKI (defined by elevated peak post-operative biomarkers^a).

AKI (defined by elevated peak postoperative biomarkers)		Held (n=494)	Continued (n=131)	P value
Urine IL-18 (pg/mL)	n (%)	119 (24%)	10 (8%)	<0.0001
	unadjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.32 (0.17,0.58)
	adjustedb RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.34 (0.18,0.62)
Urine NGAL (ng/mL)	n (%)	103 (21%)	11 (8%)	0.001
	unadjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.4 (0.22,0.72)
	adjustedb RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.41 (0.22,0.76)
Urine KIM-1 (ng/mL)	n (%)	125 (25%)	12 (9%)	<0.0001
	unadjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.36 (0.21,0.63)
	adjustedb RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.37 (0.2,0.67)
Plasma NGAL (ng/mL)	n (%)	99 (20%)	20 (15%)	0.2
	unadjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.76 (0.49,1.18)
	adjustedb RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.62 (0.39,0.98)
Urine L-FABP (ng/mL)	n (%)	89 (18%)	21 (16%)	0.6
	unadjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.89 (0.57,1.37)
	adjustedb RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.93 (0.59,1.47)
Urine Albumin (mg/L)	n (%)	95 (19%)	24 (18%)	0.8
	unadjusted RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.95 (0.64,1.43)
	adjustedb RR (95% CI)	1.0 (referent)	0.88 (0.58,1.33)

^aElevated peak biomarker levels were defined as the 5^th quintile: (urine IL-18 > 201 pg/mL, urine NGAL > 156 ng/mL, urine KIM-1 > 15.8 ng/mL, plasma NGAL > 307 ng/mL, urine L-FABP > 199 ng/mL, urine Albumin > 121.6mg/L)

Peak biomarker levels were defined as the highest biomarker value in the first 3 post-operative days.

^bAdjusted for age, gender, race, diabetes, type of surgery (CABG and valve vs. CABG or valve), pre-operative eGFR (<60, >=60), congestive heart failure, cardiac catheterization, pre-operative urine albumin to creatinine ratio (<10, 10-30, >30), pre-operative ACEi/ARB, pre-operative diuretic (yes/no), pre-operative calcium channel blocker (yes/no)