. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jun 24.

Published in final edited form as: J Cataract Refract Surg. 2013 Dec;39(12):1864–1871. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.05.048

Table 1.

Refractive Errors and Keratometric Characteristics of Normal and Keratoconic Eyes.

Groups	Sphere (D)	Cylinder (D)	Flat Sim K (D)	Steep Sim K (D)	CCT(μm)
Normal	−1.39 ± 2.21 (−5.50~2.00)	−0.43 ± 0.61 (−3.50~0)	42.89 ± 1.58 (40.60~44.11)	44.17 ± 1.71 (41.9~45.98)	533 ± 32 (490~598)

Keratoconus	−3.74 ± 4.62 (−18.00~4.25)	−3.13 ± 2.71 (−11.25~0)	45.78 ± 5.34 (34.5~70.8)	50.27 ± 6.38 (41.2~72.6)	471 ± 50 (237~553)
Keratoconus	P < 0.001	P < 0.001	P < 0.001	P < 0.001	P < 0.001

Sim K = simulated K, D = dioptor, FFK = forme fruste keratoconus, CCT = central corneal thickness as measured by optical coherence tomography pachymetry map and averaged within 2mm diameter; mean values ± standard deviation (range) are listed, P values are comparing normal with keratoconus group.