Structural model used for simultaneous PK analysis of plasma and ELF drug concentrations following i.v. administration or intratracheal administration in nebulized form of MXF, where the Vc is the volume of the central compartment, VELF is the volume of the ELF compartment, which was fixed at 30 × 10−6 liters kg−1, and VP1 and VP2 are the volumes of peripheral compartments. CLT corresponds to total plasma clearance, Q1 and Q2 are distribution clearances between the central compartment and peripheral compartments, QELF is the diffusion clearance between the central compartment and ELF, CLout is the transfer efflux clearance between the central compartment and ELF compartment, and Faero is the systemic bioavailability after aerosol administration. The same model was used for CIP, except for the absence of peripheral compartment 2.