TABLE 1.
Species | Isolatea | Isolateb | LSU rRNA gene GenBank sequence accession no. | Geographic origin | Yr of isolation | Niche | Clusterc | Subclusterd |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B. anomalus | ST05.12/06 | CBS 5111 | KF790764 | Ireland | —e | Beer | I | I-A |
ST05.12/15 | MUCL 27703 | KF790805 | — | 1909 | Beer | I | I-B | |
ST05.12/13 | MUCL 27702 | KF790807 | United Kingdom | 1940 | Bottled beer | I | I-B | |
ST05.12/19 | MUCL 31218 | KF790801 | United Kingdom | — | Bottled beer | I | I-B | |
ST05.12/09 | CBS 4460 | KF790763 | — | — | Cider | I | I-B | |
ST05.12/35 | NRRL Y17520 | KF790784 | — | — | Cider | I | I-B | |
ST05.12/61 | CBS 4210 | KF790767 | — | — | Cider | I | I-B | |
ST05.12/17 | MUCL 49367 | KF790803 | The Netherlands | — | Soft drink | I | I-B | |
ST05.12/39 | NRRL Y17522 | KF790781 | The Netherlands | — | Soft drink | I | I-B | |
B. bruxellensis | ST05.12/18 | MUCL 27705 | KF790802 | South Africa | — | Bantu beer | II | II-A |
ST05.12/26 | MUCL 49865 | KF790794 | Belgium | — | Brewery | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/48f,h | KF790778 | Belgium | 2012 | Cantillon Brewery | II | II-B | ||
ST05.12/49g,i | KF790777 | Belgium | 2012 | Cantillon Brewery | II | II-D | ||
ST05.12/50g,i | — | Belgium | 2012 | Cantillon Brewery | II | II-D | ||
ST05.12/51g,j | KF790775 | Belgium | 2012 | Cantillon Brewery | II | II-D | ||
ST05.12/52g,j | KF790774 | Belgium | 2012 | Cantillon Brewery | II | II-D | ||
ST05.12/53h,k | KF790773 | Belgium | 2012 | Cantillon Brewery | II | II-D | ||
ST05.12/16 | MUCL 27701 | KF790804 | United States | — | Dry ginger ale | II | II-A | |
ST05.12/59 | CBS 6055 | KF790768 | United States | — | Dry ginger ale | II | II-A | |
ST05.12/54 | CBS 73 | KF790772 | France | — | Grape must | II | II-C | |
ST05.12/22 | VIB X9085 | KF790798 | Belgium | — | Lambic beer | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/24 | MUCL 27707 | KF790796 | Belgium | — | Lambic beer | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/25 | MUCL 27700 | KF790795 | Belgium | — | Lambic beer | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/27 | MUCL 30490 | KF790793 | Belgium | 1989 | Lambic beer | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/40 | MUCL 30489 | KF790779 | Belgium | 1989 | Lambic beer | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/36 | NRRL Y1413 | KF790783 | Belgium | — | Lambic beer sediment | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/23 | KaHoSL 01 | KF790797 | Belgium | — | Lambic beer | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/28 | KaHoSL 02 | KF790792 | Belgium | — | Lambic beer | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/55 | CBS 3025 | KF790771 | United Kingdom | — | Secondary beer fermentation | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/21 | MUCL 27706 | KF790799 | The Netherlands | — | Soft drink | II | II-A | |
ST05.12/30 | CBS 8027 | KF790789 | The Netherlands | — | Soft drink | II | II-A | |
ST05.12/33 | CBS 98 | KF790786 | The Netherlands | 1939 | Stout | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/34 | CBS 97 | KF790785 | United Kingdom | 1939 | Stout | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/56 | CBS 2499 | KF790770 | France | — | Wine | II | II-B | |
ST05.12/62 | AWRI 1499 | KF790766 | Australia | — | Wine | II | II-E | |
B. custersianus | ST05.12/04 | CBS 5207 | KF790780 | South Africa | — | Bantu beer | III | III-A |
ST05.12/05 | CBS 5208 | KF790776 | South Africa | — | Bantu beer | III | III-A | |
ST05.12/11 | CBS 4806 | KF790809 | South Africa | — | Bantu beer | III | III-B | |
ST05.12/12 | MUCL 27704 | KF790808 | South Africa | 1960 | Bantu beer | III | III-B | |
ST05.12/29 | CBS 8347 | KF790791 | The Netherlands | 1996 | Olives | III | III-C | |
B. naardenensis | ST05.12/10 | CBS 6043 | KF790810 | The Netherlands | — | Carbonated tonic water | IV | IV-A |
ST05.12/01 | CBS 6042 | KF790811 | The Netherlands | — | Lemonade | IV | IV-A | |
ST05.12/02 | CBS 6107 | KF790800 | The Netherlands | — | Lemonade | IV | IV-A | |
ST05.12/03 | CBS 6115 | KF790790 | The Netherlands | — | Soft drink | IV | IV-A | |
ST05.12/07 | CBS 7540 | KF790765 | South Africa | — | Soft drink | IV | IV-B | |
ST05.12/14 | MUCL 27708 | KF790806 | The Netherlands | — | Soft drink | IV | IV-A | |
ST05.12/37 | NRRL Y5740 | KF790782 | United States | — | Soft drink | IV | IV-A | |
ST05.12/57 | CBS 6040 | KF790769 | United States | — | Soda water | IV | IV-A | |
B. nanus | ST05.12/31 | CBS 1956 | KF790788 | Sweden | — | Bottled beer | V | V-A |
ST05.12/32 | CBS 1955 | KF790787 | Sweden | — | Bottled beer | V | V-A |
Our own isolate numbering.
AWRI, Australian Wine Research Institute, Glen Osmond, Australia; CBS, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, The Netherlands; NRRL, Agriculture Research Service Culture Collection, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL; KaHoSL, Katholieke Hogeschool Sint-Lieven, Ghent, Belgium; MUCL, Mycothèque de l'Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; VIB, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium.
Clustering results (DNA fingerprinting results for combined data sets) at a similarity percentage of 66%, perfectly corresponding to species delineation.
Clustering results (DNA fingerprinting results for combined data sets) at a similarity percentage of 80%.
—, unknown.
Sampled (February 2012) from a 50-year-old cask; the beer was brewed on 13 November 2011.
Sampled (February 2012) from a 6- to 7-year-old cask; the beer was brewed on 12 December 2011.
Sampled (February 2012) from an 8-year-old cask; the beer was brewed on 12 December 2011.
Isolated using Wallerstein laboratory nutrient (WLN) agar.
Isolated using universal beer agar (UBA).
Isolated using Dekkera/Brettanomyces differentiation medium (DBDM).