Table 1. Social demographic characteristics and healthcare accessibility of respondents.
| Variables | All adult respondents (n = 143,214) | Subjects of study (n = 27,233) | ||
| Number | (%) | Number | (%) | |
| Gender and Age (years) | ||||
| Men * | ||||
| 15–24 | 11,026 | 7.7 | 236 | 0.9 |
| 25–34 | 9,744 | 6.8 | 401 | 1.5 |
| 35–44 | 15,223 | 10.6 | 1,404 | 5.2 |
| 45–54 | 14,010 | 9.8 | 2,618 | 9.6 |
| 55–64 | 10,795 | 7.6 | 3,276 | 12.00 |
| 65- | 9,693 | 6.8 | 4,316 | 15.9 |
| Women * | ||||
| 15–24 | 10,764 | 7.5 | 194 | 0.7 |
| 25–34 | 10,449 | 7.3 | 550 | 2.0 |
| 35–44 | 16,182 | 11.3 | 1,930 | 7.1 |
| 45–54 | 14,324 | 10.0 | 3,460 | 12.7 |
| 55–64 | 10,679 | 7.5 | 3,804 | 14.0 |
| 65- | 10,325 | 7.1 | 5,044 | 18.4 |
| Health Status | ||||
| Limitation of daily Activities * | ||||
| Yes | 7,808 | 5.4 | 5,095 | 18.7 |
| No | 135,406 | 94.6 | 22,138 | 81.3 |
| Self-rated health * | ||||
| Very poor | 478 | 0.3 | 364 | 1.3 |
| Poor | 2,730 | 1.9 | 1,847 | 6.8 |
| Fair | 16,150 | 11.3 | 8,024 | 29.5 |
| Good | 59,950 | 41.9 | 13,533 | 49.7 |
| Excellent | 63,906 | 44.6 | 3,465 | 12.7 |
| Socioeconomic Status | ||||
| Education * | ||||
| Illiterate | 22,107 | 15.4 | 7,222 | 26.5 |
| Primary school | 88,800 | 62.0 | 15,556 | 57.1 |
| Secondary school | 22,927 | 16.0 | 3,195 | 11.8 |
| University | 9,380 | 6.6 | 1,260 | 4.6 |
| Occupation * | ||||
| Student | 9,854 | 6.9 | 120 | 0.4 |
| Unemployed | 21,773 | 15.2 | 6,486 | 23.8 |
| Peasant | 76,224 | 53.2 | 12,246 | 45.0 |
| Worker | 6,079 | 4.2 | 1,904 | 7.0 |
| Self-employed | 8,529 | 6.0 | 1,224 | 4.5 |
| Manager/Professional/Clerk | 18,139 | 12.7 | 4,780 | 17.6 |
| Other | 2,616 | 1.8 | 473 | 1.7 |
| Marital status * | ||||
| Unmarried | 23,243 | 16.2 | 983 | 3.6 |
| Married | 107,462 | 75.0 | 21,487 | 78.9 |
| Divorced/widowed | 12,159 | 8.5 | 4,713 | 17.3 |
| Other | 350 | 0.3 | 50 | 0.2 |
| Household income | ||||
| Quintile I (poorest) | 28,649 | 20.0 | 5,453 | 20.0 |
| Quintile II | 28,957 | 20.2 | 5,451 | 20.0 |
| Quintile III | 28,325 | 19.8 | 5,473 | 20.1 |
| Quintile IV | 28,643 | 20.0 | 5,417 | 19.9 |
| Quintile V (richest) | 28,640 | 20.0 | 5,439 | 20.0 |
| Location of residence * | ||||
| East | 49,466 | 34.5 | 10,269 | 37.7 |
| Middle | 40,424 | 28.2 | 7,718 | 28.3 |
| Western | 53,324 | 37.3 | 9,246 | 34.0 |
| Healthcare Accessibility | ||||
| Insurance scheme * | ||||
| MIUE | 22,106 | 15.4 | 6,268 | 23.0 |
| FMC | 1,674 | 1.2 | 607 | 2.2 |
| MIUR | 5,021 | 3.5 | 846 | 3.1 |
| NCMS | 96,634 | 67.5 | 16,822 | 61.8 |
| Other insurance | 1,137 | 0.8 | 178 | 0.7 |
| No insurance | 16,642 | 11.6 | 2,512 | 9.2 |
| Distance to the nearest health facilities * | ||||
| ≤5 km | 136,146 | 95.1 | 26,056 | 95.7 |
| >5 km | 7,068 | 4.9 | 1,177 | 4.3 |
| Time to the nearest health facilities * | ||||
| ≤30 min | 137,071 | 95.7 | 26,161 | 96.1 |
| >30 min | 6,143 | 4.3 | 1,072 | 3.9 |
| HI of outpatient service (HIo) | 0.017 | 0.089 | ||
| HI of inpatient service (HIi) | 0.207 | 0.253 | ||
| Average Medical Expense Per Outpatient(US$) | 24.3 | 70.4 | ||
| Average Medical Expense Per Inpatient(US$) | 728.3 | 1056.7 |
*p<0.05, compared between the study population (people with NCD) and the average of adult respondents.
MIUE, Medical Insurance for Urban Employees;
FMC, Free Medical Care.
MIUR, Medical Insurance for Urban Residents.
NCMS, New Cooperative Medical Insurance Scheme for Rural Residents.