Table 1.
Complications in esophagus after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from the literature
| Disease | Time period | Symptoms | Treatment | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Bleeding | Mass formation | |||||
| Regimen related toxicity | Early | ± ~ + | - | Supportive care | [1] | |
| Infections | Fungus (Candida) | Early ~ anytime | ± ~ + | - | Anti-fungal agent | [4] |
| Virus (CMV, VZV) | ± ~ + | - | Anti-viral agent | [5,6] | ||
| GVHD | Acute | Early | ± ~ + | - | Corticosteroid | [7] |
| Chronic | Late | ± ~ + | ± | Immunosuppressive drugs | [2] | |
| Solid tumor | Very late | ± | + ~ +++ | Excision | [3,8-12] | |
| Varix due to VOD | Early | ± ~ +++ | + ~ ++ | Supportive care | [13] | |
| Intramural hematoma | Early ~ anytime | + ~ +++ | ± ~ ++ | Supportive care, esophagectomy | ||
Superscripts correspond to the indexed numbers of the articles in the References. CMV: cytomegalovirus. VZV: varicella-zoster virus. VOD: veno-occlusive disease. GVHD: graft-versus-host disease.