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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2014 Feb 14;107:136–144. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.02.020

Table 4.

IOW Mediation of the adolescent MTO treatment-asthma Attack association; direct and indirect effects.

Mediator domains Direct effect
Indirect effect
% Change
N
b SE p b SE p % Changeb LCI UCI
Mental healtha 0.4679 0.206 0.023 −0.0300 0.037 0.422 6.8% −86.5% 100.2% 2809
Smoking 0.4737 0.194 0.015 −0.0153 0.030 0.606 3.3% −51.4% 58.1% 2690
Housing disarray 0.4765 0.204 0.020 −0.0337 0.028 0.236 7.6% −142.4% 157.6% 2531
Housing quality observed 0.4573 0.201 0.023 −0.0175 0.039 0.652 4.0% −84.5% 92.5% 2572
Housing quality adult report 0.5308 0.195 0.006 −0.0505 0.038 0.185 10.5% −49.0% 70.1% 2724
Housing hardship 0.5112 0.188 0.007 −0.0239 0.040 0.549 4.9% −45.2% 55.0% 2681
Housing mobility 0.4967 0.209 0.018 −0.0587 0.051 0.248 13.4% −153.6% 180.5% 2809
a

We tested a model including generalized anxiety disorder as a mediator; results were similar, with a percent change of 5.8%.

b

% change indicates the % change from the total to the direct effect. Positive values indicate an increase, or a countervailing mediation effect, and negative values indicate a decrease, or mediation in the expected direction, in the direct effect compared to the total effect. The total effect of MTO treatment on asthma attack was b(SE) = 0.438(0.190), p = 0.021.