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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2014 Feb 14;107:136–144. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.02.020

Table 5.

IOW Mediation of the adolescent MTO treatment-wheezing/whistling association; direct and indirect effects.

Mediator domains Direct effect
Indirect effect
% Change
N
b SE p b SE p % Changeb LCI UCI
Mental healtha 0.1702 0.127 0.180 0.0016 0.032 0.961 −0.9% −657.9% 656.1% 2811
Smoking 0.1892 0.129 0.143 0.0060 0.017 0.726 −3.1% −90.9% 84.8% 2693
Housing disarray 0.1871 0.130 0.150 −0.0032 0.021 0.877 1.7% −101.8% 105.3% 2533
Housing quality observed 0.1458 0.140 0.298 0.0005 0.025 0.983 −0.4% −261.2% 260.5% 2573
Housing quality adult report 0.2235 0.127 0.078 −0.0290 0.027 0.274 14.9% −478.3% 508.2% 2725
Housing hardship 0.1981 0.129 0.126 0.0116 0.030 0.695 −5.5% −183.4% 172.3% 2683
Housing mobility 0.2149 0.133 0.106 −0.0432 0.036 0.230 25.1% −291.8% 342.1% 2811
a

We tested a model including generalized anxiety disorder as a mediator; results were similar, with a percent change of 3.5%.

b

% change indicates the % change from the total to the direct effect. Positive values indicate an increase, or a countervailing mediation effect, and negative values indicate a decrease, or mediation in the expected direction, in the direct effect compared to the total effect. The total effect of MTO treatment on wheezing/whistling was b(SE) = 0.172(0.126), p = 0.173.