Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters that correlate with pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with congenital cardiac shunts
| Echocardiographic parameters | Increased PVR | Low PVR, increased Qp | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Likely | Certainly | Likely | Certainly | |
| TRV, m/s | >2.5 | >3.7 | ||
| TRV/VTIRVOT | >0.11 | >0.20 | ||
| PAPsys/VTIRVOT | >1.91 | >1.94 | ||
| PAPsys/(VTIRVOT × HR) | >0.0095 | >0.025 | ||
| Qp∶Qs | <2.1 | <1.3 | >2.9 | >4.0 |
| MPIRV | >0.48 | >0.55 | ||
| VTIRVOT, cm | >22 | >27 | ||
| VTIPV, cm | >20 | >24 | ||
Note
Based on references 20–24. PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance; Qp: pulmonary blood flow; TRV: tricuspid regurgitation velocity; VTIPV and VTIRVOT: respectively, velocity time integral in pulmonary veins and in right ventricular outflow tract; PAPsys: systolic pulmonary arterial pressure; HR: heart rate; Qp∶Qs: pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio; MPIRV: right ventricular myocardial performance index.