Table 2.
Predictors of Heart Failure, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Stroke/TIA, Coronary Heart Disease, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Type 1 Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes in the Year Following Delivery in New York City, New York, 1995–2004
| Predictor | Heart Failure (n = 259) |
Intracranial Hemorrhage (n = 68) |
Stroke/TIA (n = 126) |
Coronary Heart Disease (n = 81) |
Deep Vein Thrombosis (n = 198) |
Type 1 Diabetes (n = 71) |
Type 2 Diabetes (n = 212) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ORa | 95% CI | ORa | 95% CI | ORa | 95% CI | ORa | 95% CI | ORa | 95% CI | ORa | 95% CI | ORa | 95% CI | |
| Parity | ||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent |
| 1 | 0.6 | 0.4, 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.6, 2.0 | 1.0 | 0.6, 1.6 | 1.4 | 0.7, 2.6 | 0.8 | 0.6, 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.4, 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.7, 1.4 |
| 2 | 0.9 | 0.6, 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.6, 2.8 | 1.1 | 0.6, 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.0, 3.9 | 1.5 | 1.0, 2.3 | 0.4 | 0.1, 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.8, 1.7 |
| ≥3 | 1.3 | 0.9, 1.9 | 1.7 | 0.8, 3.7 | 1.9 | 1.1, 3.2 | 2.2 | 1.1, 4.4 | 2.2 | 1.4, 3.4 | 1.3 | 0.6, 2.6 | 1.3 | 0.8, 2.0 |
| Gestational hypertensionb |
||||||||||||||
| No | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | ||
| Yes | 2.6 | 1.5, 4.5 | 1.2 | 3 casesc | 2.1 | 3 casesc | 1.5 | 0.6, 3.7 | 1.0 | 2 casesc | 1.6 | 0.8, 3.1 | ||
| Preeclampsia | ||||||||||||||
| No | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent |
| Yes | 4.1 | 2.9, 5.8 | 2.8 | 1.3, 6.2 | 2.8 | 1.6, 5.0 | 3.1 | 1.6, 6.3 | 2.6 | 1.6, 4.2 | 1.8 | 0.8, 3.8 | 2.0 | 1.3, 3.2 |
| Gestational diabetes |
||||||||||||||
| No | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent |
| Yes | 1.5 | 1.0, 2.2 | 1.5 | 0.7, 3.4 | 1.2 | 0.7, 2.3 | 1.5 | 0.7, 3.1 | 1.0 | 0.6, 1.8 | 40.4 | 23.8, 68.5 | 22.6 | 16.9, 30.4 |
| Multiple gestationd | ||||||||||||||
| No | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent |
| Yes | 4.5 | 2.7, 7.4 | 5.3 | 2.1, 13.2 | 2.3 | 0.8, 6.2e | 4.5 | 1.8, 11.0 | 1.8 | 0.8, 4.4 | 3.1 | 1.0, 9.7e | 1.0 | 0.3, 3.2e |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
a Odds ratios are adjusted for year, maternal age, maternal race/ethnicity, health insurance, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, parity, maternal education, prenatal smoking, prenatal care, and prepregnancy weight. Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia were not adjusted for one another.
b Gestational hypertension was excluded from the intracranial hemorrhage analyses because there was only 1 intracranial hemorrhage case among those with gestational hypertension.
c Where there were fewer than 5 cases, the number of cases is noted rather than a confidence interval.
d Unadjusted odds ratios; sample size differs from the totals presented because of inclusion of women with missing covariates.
e Based on fewer than 5 cases.