FIGURE 1:

The ‘core’ PCP proteins. The core set of PCP proteins consists of the transmembrane proteins Vangl1, Vangl2, Celsr1, -2 and -3 and the Wnt receptors, Frizzled (Fz) and the cytoplasmic proteins Dishevelled (Dvl1, -2 and -3) and Prickle (Pk1 and Pk2). The core PCP proteins exert their effects via members of the Rho GTPase family, c-Jun kinase and dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis (Daam1), which regulates the polarization of the cytoskeleton. Other genes have also been implicated in PCP, for example the cytoplasmic protein Scribble which genetically interacts with the core PCP protein Vangl2.