Fig. 4.

Phenotypic diversity of Salvia s.l. in Africa. (A) Salvia verticillata; (B) S. nilotica; (C) S. disermas; (D) S. argentea; (E) S. aegyptiaca; (F) S. canariensis; (G) S. broussonetii; (H) S. herbanica; (I) S. lanceolata with Cinnyris chalybeus (southern double-collared sunbird; formerly Nectarinia chalybeus); (J) S. geminata; (K) S. taraxacifolia; (L) S. interrupta; (M) S. dolomitica; (N) S. chamelaeagnea with Xylocopa caffra (carpenter bee); (O) S. scabra; (P) S. leucodermis; (Q) S. sessilifolia; (R) S. thermarum; and (S) S. africana-lutea. Note the typical falcate upper corolla lip in bee-pollinated species (e.g. S. argentea, D) in contrast to the straight upper lip in bird-pollinated taxa (I, P–R) and the diverse floral morphologies in the Canary Islands endemics (F–H). Photographs: (A, B, C, D, F, L) M. Will, (E, H) R. Claßen-Bockhoff, (G, K, O, R, S) P. Wester, (I) R. Groneberg, (J) M. Thulin, (N) H. Technau, (P) P. B. Phillipson and (Q) D. Hannon.