Table 2.
Fetal and neonatal outcome
| CASE 1 | CASE 2 | CASE 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
FETAL OUTCOME |
|
|
|
|
Gestational age at diagnosis (weeks + days) |
22 + 0 |
20 + 5 |
20 + 3 |
|
Ultrasound findings |
|
|
|
|
Indirect signs |
|
|
|
| Deformation of frontal cranial bones (lemon sign) |
Present |
Present |
Absent |
| Abnormal curvature of cerebellum (banana sign) |
Present |
Present |
Absent |
| Ventricle dilatation (site; grade) |
Bilateral; Moderate |
Bilateral; Moderate |
Absent |
| Hypoplastic posterior cranial fossa |
Present |
Present |
Absent |
|
Direct signs |
|
|
|
| Spinal deformation (level of lesion) |
Lumbar L1-L5 |
Thoracic Lumbar (T9-S1) |
Absent |
| Myelomeningocele (dimension mm) |
Present (27x28) |
Present (54x37) |
Absent |
|
Other associated malformations |
Sacral Agenesia |
Hemivertebrae T5 |
Absent |
|
Magnetic resonance imaging |
|
|
|
| Findings |
Moderate bilateral ventriculomegaly (Arnold Chiari Type II); spina bifida extending from T1-T5 |
Moderate bilateral ventriculomegaly (Arnold Chiari Type I); spina bifida extending from T9-S1 |
Not Performed |
|
NEONATAL OUTCOME |
|
|
|
|
Sex |
F |
F |
M |
|
Gestational age at birth (weeks; days) |
38 |
38 |
34 + 6 |
|
Mode of delivery |
Elective Caesarean Section |
Elective Caesarean Section |
Vaginal |
|
Apgar score |
|
|
|
| 1 minute |
6 |
8 |
5 |
| 5 minutes |
7 |
9 |
7 |
|
Weight at birth (gr) |
2700 |
3090 |
2287 |
| Surgery | Closure MMC + DVP | Closure MMC + DVP | - |
MMC = myelomeningocele; DVP = drainage ventriculo-peritoneal.