(A) Western blot shows expression of ALDH1A1 protein in the striatum of 3 independent pairs of 2-month-old A53T transgenic and littermate nTg female mice. (B) The relative expression levels of ALDH1A1 in the striatal homogenate of 2-month-old nTg (n = 3) and A53T (n = 3) female mice. (C) Aldh1a1 mRNA expression in nigrostriatal DA neurons isolated from 2-week-old control and littermate A53T transgenic mice (n > 1,000 cells per genotype). β-Actin was used to normalize the gene expression from different samples. (D) Western blot analysis shows ALDH1A1 expression in the striatum of 1-, 6-, and 18-month-old nTg control and A53T female mice. (E) The level of ALDH1A1 expression. Four animals were used per genotype per age group. One-way ANOVA plus Tukey post test and 2-way ANOVA plus Bonferroni post test were used for data analyses. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.