Skip to main content
. 2014 Jul;35(7):268–286. doi: 10.1542/pir.35-7-268

Table 5.

Clinical and Laboratory Monitoring of Children Before and After Initiation of ART

DIAGNOSIS/BASELINE ART INITIATION 1–2 WEEKS OF THERAPY 4–8 WEEKS OF THERAPY EVERY 3–4 MONTHSa EVERY 6–12 MONTHS
Clinical history and physical examination X X X X X X
CBC count with differential X X X X
Electrolytes, glucose, BUN, creatinine, bilirubin X X X
AST and ALT X X Xb Xb X
Albumin, total protein, calcium, phosphate X X X
CD4 cell count or percentage X X Xc X
HIV RNA (viral load) X X X X X
Drug resistance testing X
Adherence evaluation X X X X
Lipid panel X X X
Urinalysis X X X

ALT=alanine aminotransferase; ART=antiretroviral therapy; AST=aspartate aminotransferase; CBC=complete blood cell; HIV=human immunodeficiency virus.

Adapted from Panel on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of HIV-Infected Children. (17)

a

For children who are on stable ART, many clinicians consider 6-month intervals between monitoring laboratory tests.

b

In children receiving nevirapine, serum transaminase levels should be measured every 2 weeks for the first 4 weeks of therapy, then monthly for 3 months, and every 3 to 4 months thereafter.

c

Some clinicians do not recommend a CD4 cell count or percentage at this time, considering it too early to expect an immunologic response.