TABLE 1.
Baseline demographics (n=192)
| Variable* | All patients (n=192) | Resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (n=15) | Culture negative OR not resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (n=177) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 54 (48 to 63) | 55 (49 to 63) | 54 (47 to 63) |
| Male sex | 126 (66) | 10 (67) | 116 (65.5) |
| Etiology of cirrhosis | |||
| Alcohol | 75 (39) | 5 (33) | 70 (40) |
| Hepatitis C | 70 (36.5) | 4 (27) | 66 (37) |
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/cryptogenic | 25 (13) | 2 (13) | 23 (13) |
| Other | 22 (11.5) | 4 (27) | 18 (10) |
| Sodium, mmol/L (n=189) | 133 (129.5 to 136) | 134 (129 to 136) | 133 (130 to 137) |
| Peripheral blood leukocytes, ×109/L (n=190) | 10 (5.7 to 14.9) | 5.8 (4.7 to 12) | 10.2 (6.1 to 15.0) |
| International normalized ratio (n=191) | 1.6 (1.4 to 1.9) | 1.7 (1.4 to 2.1) | 1.6 (1.4 to 1.9) |
| Bilirubin, μmol/L (n=191) | 73 (37 to 153) | 73 (53 to 146) | 73 (36 to 154) |
| Albumin, g/L (n=184) | 27 (23 to 31) | 29 (26 to 37) | 26 (23 to 31) |
| Creatinine at diagnosis, μmol/L (n=191) | 110 (76 to 175) | 142 (130 to 222) | 106 (75 to 170) |
| Model for End-stage Liver Disease score (n=191) | 20 (16 to 26) | 24 (22 to 30) | 20 (15 to 26) |
| Ascites leukocyte count, ×106/L | 1795 (804.5 to 4775) | 4700 (1790 to 13,600) | 1678 (800 to 4413) |
| Ascites neutrophil count, ×106/L | 1342.5 (471 to 4191) | 4193 (1488 to 13,056) | 1141 (463 to 3514) |
| Any antibiotic use within 30 days | 54 (28) | 5 (33) | 49 (28) |
| Broad-spectrum antibiotic use within 30 days (with or without fluoroquinolone prophylaxis) | 22 (11.5) | 3 (20) | 19 (11) |
| Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis | 30 (16) | 3 (20) | 27 (15) |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 21 (11) | 2 (13) | 19 (11) |
| Variceal bleed at presentation | 18 (9) | 0 (0) | 18 (10) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 31 (16) | 1 (7) | 30 (17) |
| Proton pump inhibitor use (n=189) | 93 (49) | 7 (47) | 86 (49) |
| Culture positive | 77 (40) | 15 (100) | 62 (35) |
| Gram-positive, n/n (%) | 44/77 (57) | 7/15 (47) | 37/62 (60) |
| Gram-negative, n/n (%) | 33/77 (43) | 8/15 (53) | 25/62 (40) |
| Infection acquisition | |||
| Community | 72 (37.5) | 2 (13) | 70 (39.5) |
| Health care associated | 72 (37.5) | 6 (40) | 66 (37) |
| Nosocomial | 48 (25) | 7 (47) | 41 (23) |
Data presented as median (interquartile range) or n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
*
Information available for all 192 patients, unless otherwise indicated