Table 1.
Demographics and LV Function in Referent Control Subjects, Subjects with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, and Subjects with Diastolic Heart Failure
| Referent Control |
LVH | DHF | F (χ2) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Demographics Age, Years |
58 ± 1 | 60 ± 1 | 66 ± 1*† | 11.1 | <0.001 |
| Female, number (%) | 169 (70) | 79 (55) | 36 (59) | 9.7 | 0.008 |
| Black, number (%) | 49 (20) | 55 (38) | 21 (34) | 15.7 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, number (%) | 22 (9) | 23 (16)* | 19 (31)* † | 19.7 | <0.001 |
|
Functional Characteristics Systolic Blood Pressure, mmHg |
128 ± 1 | 134 ± 1* | 139 ± 2*† | 23.4 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure, mmHg | 76 ± 1 | 79 ± 1* | 77 ± 1 | 8.9 | <0.001 |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | 30 ± 2 | 31 ± 1* | 33 ± 1* | 35.8 | <0.001 |
| LV EDV Indexed, mL/m2 | 52 ± 1 | 53 ± 1 | 54 ± 2 | 0.7 | 0.496 |
| LV EDD, ml | 4.6 ± 0.1 | 4.8 ± 0.1* | 4.8 ± 0.1 | 7.6 | <0.001 |
| LV Ejection Fraction, % | 68 ± 1 | 69 ± 1 | 69 ± 1 | 0.4 | 0.694 |
| LV Mass Indexed, g/m2 | 80 ± 1 | 117 ± 2* | 123 ± 3* | 220.3 | <0.001 |
| LV wall thickness, cm | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1* | 1.3 ± 0.1* | 385 | <0.001 |
| Mitral inflow E velocity, cm2 | 68 ± 1 | 64 ± 1 | 73 ± 2*† | 7.0 | <0.001 |
| E/A ratio | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.1* | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 5.4 | <0.001 |
| Tissue Doppler E’ velocity, cm2 | 12 ± 2 | 9 ± 1 | 7 ± 1 | 1.3 | 0.250 |
| PCWP, mmHg | 11 ± 1 | 12 ± 1* | 17 ± 1*† | 84.8 | <0.001 |
| Six Minute Walk, m | 387 ± 6 | 370 ± 8 | 240 ± 17*† | 51.9 | <0.001 |
| Sample size, n | 241 | 144 | 61 |
Data = Mean ± SEM.
All continuous data compared using ANOVA F test
All categorical data compared using χ2 test statistic.
= p<0.05 compared with referent control
= p<0.05 compared with LVH
Abbreviations: LVH = patients with left ventricular hypertrophy but no heart failure, DHF = patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic heart failure, E and A = Pulsed Wave Doppler mitral valve E and A wave inflow velocities. E’ = Tissue Doppler (lateral mitral annulus) E’ velocity. PCWP = pulmonary capillary wedge pressure calculated from the formula 2+1.3(E/E’), LV = left ventricular, EDV = end diastolic volume, EDD = end diastolic dimension.