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miRNA biogenesis. MiRNAs are processed from hairpin-containing primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs). Pri-miRNA is cleaved firstly by Drosha to produce precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), and then by Dicer to yield an imperfect miRNA:miRNA* duplex (mature miRNA duplex) about 22 nucleotides in length [20]. Although either strand of the duplex may potentially act as a functional miRNA, only the one strand which is incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) is termed as mature miRNA.
