Table 3.
Post-surfactant characteristics for 322 neonates born prior to 32 weeks gestation, 1998–2010
|
Post-surfactant characteristics |
Treatment group |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| INSURE success (n = 100) | INSURE failure (n = 33) | Short MV (n = 31) | Long MV (n = 158) | |
| CRIB-score, median (IQR)3 |
2 (1–2) |
2 (2–6)* |
2 (2–5)* |
6 (2–8)* |
| CRIB-score > 4, n (%)3 |
6 (8) |
9 (32)* |
9 (36)* |
79 (66)* |
| Given < 6 hours after surfactant: |
|
|
|
|
| Inotropes, n (%)2 |
2 (2) |
5 (15)* |
1 (3) |
56 (35)* |
| Packed red blood cells, n (%)2 |
6 (6) |
3 (9) |
1 (3) |
18 (11) |
| Volume expansion, n (%)2 |
10 (10) |
5 (15) |
5 (16) |
72 (46)* |
| Antibiotics ≥ 7 days, n (%)2 |
17 (17) |
6 (18) |
12 (39)* |
61 (39)* |
| Pneumothorax2 |
2 (2) |
8 (25)* |
1 (3) |
35 (23)* |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis, n (%)2 |
10 (10) |
8 (24)* |
4 (13) |
56 (36)* |
| Clinical suspicion or x-ray changes |
9 |
5 |
4 |
50 |
| Surgery |
1 |
3 |
0 |
6 |
| Patent ductus arteriosus on first echocardiography, n (%)2 |
33 (33) |
16 (48) |
13 (42) |
71 (45) |
| No treatment |
19 |
11 |
11 |
49 |
| NSAID/surgery |
14 |
5 |
2 |
22 |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage, n (%)2 |
38 (38) |
12 (36) |
7 (23) |
73 (46) |
| Grades I–II |
34 |
7 |
3 |
32 |
| Grades III–IV |
4 |
5 |
4 |
41 |
| Periventricular leukomalasia, n (%)2 |
4 (4) |
1 (3) |
2 (6) |
15 (9) |
| BPD, n (%)1,4 |
12 (18) |
5 (26) |
4 (24) |
27 (46)* |
| Retinopathy of prematurity grade III, n (%)2 |
3 (3) |
1 (3) |
0 (0) |
12 (8) |
| MV days, median (IQR)2 |
0.01 (0.00–0.03) |
3.26 (1.59–4.45)* |
0.70 (0.33–0.92)* |
3.26 (1.77–6.98)* |
| CPAP days, median (IQR)2 |
17.5 (9.3–31.5) |
21.5 (10.3–33.1) |
19.0 (6.7–34.1) |
22.4 (1.2–36.2) |
| Oxygen days, median (IQR)2 |
6 (2–20) |
10 (4–29) |
5 (0–21) |
15 (3–40)* |
| Neonatal death < 28 days, n (%)2 | 1 (1) | 4 (12)* | 2 (6) | 41 (26)* |
Abbreviations: BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CRIB, clinical risk index for babies; IQR, interquartile range; long MV, mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours; short MV, mechanical ventilation for less than 24 hours.
*P < 0.05 for the association with INSURE success.
160 neonates died before 36 completed weeks and were thus not included in the analysis.
Percentage of missing values for each post-surfactant characteristic: 2 ≤ 5%, 323%, and 440%.