Table 3. P-values of all directions of information flow estimated by Granger causality between ROI’s at different sampling rates from 1000 bootstrap iterations.
TR = 0.1 s | FROM | |||||
V | PPC | PreM | S | M | ||
TO | V | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p |
PPC | <0.001; 0.006 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | |
PreM | <0.001; <0.001 | <0.001; 0.006 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | |
S | <0.001; 0.016 | 0.002; 0.576 | 0.883; 0.897 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | |
M | <0.001; 0.003 | <0.001; 0.390 | 0.110; 0.861 | 0.904; 0.256 | N/A | |
TR = 0.5 s | FROM | |||||
V | PPC | PreM | S | M | ||
TO | V | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p |
PPC | 0.027; 0.573 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | |
PreM | 0.069; 0.259 | 0.305; 0.618 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | |
S | 0.120; 0.358 | 0.597; 0.152 | 0.891; 0.416 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | |
M | 0.076; 0.541 | 0.378; 0.128 | 0.489; 0.387 | 0.304; 0.470 | N/A | |
TR = 1 s | FROM | |||||
V | PPC | PreM | S | M | ||
TO | V | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p |
PPC | 0.377; 0.542 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | |
PreM | 0.119; 0.648 | 0.339; 0.540 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | |
S | 0.224; 0.442 | 0.263; 0.324 | 0.551; 0.518 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | |
M | 0.206; 0.381 | 0.268; 0.280 | 0.374; 0.419 | 0.402; 0.426 | N/A | |
TR = 2 s | FROM | |||||
V | PPC | PreM | S | M | ||
TO | V | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p |
PPC | 0.744; 0.280 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | |
PreM | 0.669; 0.806 | 0.463; 0.833 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | 1-p; 1-p | |
S | 0.713; 0.338 | 0.313; 0.610 | 0.636; 0.381 | N/A | 1-p; 1-p | |
M | 0.668; 0.356 | 0.252; 0.543 | 0.602; 0.396 | 0.389; 0.382 | N/A |
Each cell contains two p-values. The left p-value is for the left hemisphere (R condition) and the right p-value is for the right hemisphere (L condition). Only lower-triangular off-diagonal entries are listed. Upper-triangular off-diagonal entries can be calculated by (1–listed p-value). V: visual cortex; PCC: parietal cortex; PreM: pre-motor cortex; S: sensorimotor cortex; M: motor cortex. L: left hemisphere (R condition). R: right hemisphere (L condition).