Table 4. Relative Risk of HIV Transmission by Risk Factor Among ELISA Positive Infants.
| Variables | # of PCR-pos4(% of ELISA-pos) | Relative Risk(95% CI) | P-value |
| Age of Mother | |||
| 18–20 years | 9 (12.5) | 1.5 (0.8–2.9) | 0.19 |
| 21–30 years (reference) | 36 (8.1) | ||
| 31–40 years | 20 (8.6) | 1.0 (0.7–1.7) | 0.84 |
| Mother Attended ANC | |||
| Yes (reference) | 63 (8.4) | ||
| No | 1 (20.0) | 2.4 (0.4–15.4) | 0.36 |
| Place of Delivery | |||
| Hospital or Clinic (reference) | 53 (8.2) | ||
| Home and/or with Traditional Birth Attendant | 12 (11.8) | 1.4 (0.8–2.4) | 0.18 |
| Mother’s Most Recent HIV Test Result5 | |||
| Positive (reference) | 41 (7.5) | ||
| Never tested | 3 (18.8) | 2.5 (0.8–7.7) | 0.11 |
| Negative | 20 (11.2) | 1.5 (0.9–2.6) | 0.15 |
| Mother Received HIV Treatment During Pregnancy and/or Labor | |||
| Yes (reference) | 37 (7.5) | ||
| No | 24 (10.4) | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 0.15 |
| Infant Received Prophylactic ARVs | |||
| Yes (reference) | 24 (6.7) | ||
| No | 37 (10.4) | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | 0.07 |
4
N = 65– “don’t know” and “missing” responses are not presented in the table.
5
Caregiver report prior to ELISA testing.