Table 2.
Hookah Smoking Habits of Parents/Guardians (N = 24)a
| Nonsmoker (n = 5), n (%) | Hookah-only smoker (n = 19), n (%) | Frequency of hookah-only smoking | p valueb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daily hookah smoker (n = 8), n (%) | Weekly/monthly hookah smoker (n = 11), n (%) | ||||
| Do you currently smoke hookah daily, weekly, monthly, or not at all? | |||||
| Daily | N/A | 8 (42.1) | 8 (100) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Weekly | 5 (26.3) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (45.5) | ||
| Monthly | 6 (31.6) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (54.5) | ||
| How many hookah heads do you usually smoke on the day you smoke? | |||||
| Means ± SD (hookah heads) | N/A | 1.47±0.772 | 2.13±0.835 | 1±0.0 | <.001 |
| Median (range) | 1 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (1–1) | ||
| How long do you smoke hookah on the day you smoke? | |||||
| Means ± SD (minutes) | N/A | 87±84.2 | 106.9±121.4 | 72.7±43.6 | .397 |
| Median (range) | 60 (15–300) | 45 (15–300) | 60 (30–180) | ||
| Which days of the week do you usually smoke hookah at home? | |||||
| Monday–Thursday | N/A | 12 (66.7) | 7 (87.5) | 5 (50.0) | |
| Friday | 12 (66.7) | 7 (87.5) | 5 (50.0) | ||
| Saturday | 16 (88.9) | 8 (100.0) | 8 (80.0) | ||
| Sunday | 14 (77.8) | 8 (100.0) | 6 (60.0) | ||
| What times do you usually smoke hookah at home? | |||||
| Mornings (6 a.m.–12:59 p.m.) | N/A | 4 (21.1) | 4 (50.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Afternoons (1 p.m.–5:59 p.m.) | 7 (36.8) | 6 (75.0) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| Evenings (6 p.m.–12:59 a.m.) | 14 (73.7) | 4 (50.0) | 10 (90.9) | ||
| Nights (1 a.m.–5:59 a.m.) | 2 (10.5) | 1 (12.5) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| Did you smoke hookah during the past 7 days? | |||||
| Yes | N/A | 16 (84.2) | 8 (100) | 8 (72.7) | |
| No | 3 (15.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (27.3) | ||
| Do you currently own a hookah at your home? | |||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 19 (100) | 8 (100) | 11 (100) | |
| No | 5 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| What type of hookah tobacco do you currently smoke? | |||||
| Smoke only flavored hookah tobacco (Moassel) | N/A | 19 (100) | 8 (100) | 11 (100) | |
| Smoke only unflavored hookah tobacco (Ajami) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Smoke both equally | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| In the past 6 months, have any other tobacco products (cigarettes, cigar, pipe, etc.) been smoked inside your home? | |||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| No | 5 (100) | 19 (100) | 8 (100) | 11 (100) | |
| In the past 6 months, was hookah being smoked: | |||||
| Mostly inside your home | N/A | 8 (42.1) | 2 (25.0) | 6 (54.5) | |
| Only outdoors at your home | 11 (57.9) | 6 (75.0) | 5 (45.5) | ||
| If smoked outside home on patio or balconyc | |||||
| How often patio or balcony doors were open? | |||||
| Almost always/sometimes | N/A | 11 (100) | 6 (100) | 5 (100) | |
| Never | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
aHookah Smoking History Questionnaire, we used open-ended questions for continuous variables.
bIndependent samples t test for significance at p < .05; statistically significant p values are noted in bold.
cHookah Smoking Session Form.