Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Hepatitis D Virus–Seropositive and –Seronegative Subjects
| Characteristic | Seropositive for HDV IgG | Seronegative for HDV IgG | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of subjects | 38 | 337 | |
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 38 (7) | 40 (10) | .03 |
| Male sex, % (No.) | 94.7 (36) | 97.0 (327) | .45 |
| CD4, cells/µL, mean (SD) | 581 (293) | 479 (277) | .20 |
| CD4 count <200 cells/µL, % (No.) | 7.9 (3/38) | 14.7 (49/333) | .25 |
| Plasma HIV RNA, log10 copies/mL, mean (SD) | 2.00 (1.23) | 2.29 (1.19) | .25 |
| Plasma HIV RNA <400 copies/mL, % (No.) | 63.2 (24/38) | 75.0 (252/336) | .12 |
| Risk behavior, % (No.) | |||
| MSM | 50.0 (19) | 70.6 (238) | .02 |
| Heterosexual | 7.9 (3) | 13.7 (46) | .47 |
| IDU | 39.5 (15) | 5.6 (19) | <.001 |
| Others | 2.6 (1) | 10.0 (34) | .21 |
| Receipt of cART, % (No.) | 68.4 (26/38) | 87.7 (292/333) | .001 |
| Receipt of lamivudine, % (No.) | 68.4 (26/38) | 87.7 (292/333) | .001 |
| Receipt of TDF, % (No.) | 23.7 (9/38) | 31.7 (105/331) | .31 |
| Anti-HCV positive, % (No.) | 39.5 (15/38) | 10.6 (34/320) | <.001 |
| Plasma HBV DNA, log10 copies/mL, mean (SD) | 2.21 (1.22) | 2.71 (1.89) | .03 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 1.43 (1.15) | 1.23 (1.10) | .08 |
| Bilirubin level ≥1.2 mg/dL, % (No.) | 47.6 (10/21) | 34.0 (53/156) | .22 |
| AST, U/L, mean (SD) | 51.8 (87.4) | 45.0 (138.7) | .24 |
| AST level ≥37 U/L, % (No.) | 60.0 (15/25) | 26.7 (60/225) | .001 |
| ALT, U/L, mean (SD) | 57.7 (98.6) | 52.4 (140.4) | .31 |
| ALT level ≥41 U/L, % (No.) | 64.5 (20/31) | 29.7 (66/222) | <.001 |
| ALP, U/L, mean (SD) | 173.3 (136.8) | 176.3 (184.2) | .89 |
| Recent syphilisa, % (No.) | 13.0 (3/23) | 5.6 (16/286) | .15 |
| RPR ≥32, % (No.) | 8.8 (3/34) | 4.8 (15/318) | .30 |
Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HDV, hepatitis D virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IDU, injection drug use; IgG, immunoglobulin G; MSM, men who have sex with men; RPR, rapid plasma reagin; SD, standard deviation; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
a Recent syphilis was defined as having new RPR seroreactivity or a 4-fold increase in RPR titers within the 6 months of HDV seroconversion or within the 6 months of the last anti-HDV testing.