Table 3.

Correlations among Nonword Repetition Accuracy at 22 Months and Vocabulary and Grammar at 25 Months, Within and Across Languages (n=41)

Zero-order correlations
Variable	1	2	3	4	5	6
1. English nonword repetition	—	80***	.54***	.23	.49***	.18
2. Spanish nonword repetition		—	23	.39**	.22	.28**
3. English vocabulary			—	−.19	.84***	−.29*
4. Spanish vocabulary				—	−.17	.61***
5. English grammatical complexity					—	−.15
6. Spanish grammatical complexity						—
Partial correlations holding constant relative language exposure
	7	8	9	10	11	12
7. English nonword repetition	—	.84***	.52**	.47***	.43**	.34*
8. Spanish nonword repetition		—	.38**	.44**	.31*	.29*
9. English vocabulary			—	.38*	.75***	.06
10. Spanish vocabulary				—	.24	.48**
11. English grammatical complexity					—	.15
12. Spanish grammatical complexity						—

Note. Cells with within-language correlations are highlighted.

^*p < .05, one-tailed.

^**p < .01, one-tailed.

^***p < .001, one-tailed.