Table 3.
Comparisons of eGFR and echocardiographic parameters at baseline and 1 year and changes over 1 year across the different CKD stages
| Variable | Stage 3a (n=61) | Stage 3b (n=77) | Stages 4 and 5 (n=140) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73m2) | ||||
| Baseline | 53.3±5.8 | 36.6±4.1 | 17.9±6.5 | <0.001 |
| 1 yr | 52.4±9.0 | 34.6±6.4 | 14.8±7.7 | <0.001 |
| Change | −0.92 (−4.75, 3.35) | −1.85 (−4.49, 1.66) | −2.77 (−5.11, −0.86) | 0.01 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | ||||
| Baseline | 95.5±22.7 | 95.6±25.4 | 114.8±36.5 | <0.001 |
| 1 yr | 100.2±21.4 | 100.5±25.5 | 122.6±38.5 | <0.001 |
| Change | 4.19 (0.66, 12.17) | 3.67 (−0.35, 9.58) | 7.15 (0.96, 12.81) | 0.04 |
| LV volume index (ml/m2) | ||||
| Baseline | 41.0±8.0 | 39.4±9.0 | 45.4±12.7 | <0.001 |
| 1 yr | 40.7±7.7 | 40.2±8.7 | 47.3±13.6 | <0.001 |
| Change | 0.06 (−2.33, 2.08) | 0.62 (−1.40, 3.22) | 1.63 (−0.70, 3.78) | 0.003 |
| LAVi (ml/m2) | ||||
| Baseline | 27.6±8.5 | 27.9±10.1 | 33.3±14.6 | 0.01 |
| 1 yr | 30.5±8.7 | 32.2±9.9 | 39.1±16.1 | <0.001 |
| Change | 3.41 (1.32, 4.91) | 4.58 (1.71, 6.78) | 5.43 (2.32, 8.40) | 0.001 |
| LV ejection fraction (%) | ||||
| Baseline | 69.7±6.5 | 71.4±5.8 | 69.3±7.4 | 0.06 |
| 1 yr | 69.6±5.0 | 69.4±5.4 | 68.5±8.2 | 0.2 |
| Change | 0.00 (−5.07, 4.00) | −1.85 (−6.46, 1.85) | −0.92 (−4.95, 3.82) | 0.3 |
| Midwall fraction shortening (%) | ||||
| Baseline | 18.0±2.4 | 17.9±1.9 | 17.6±2.5 | 0.2 |
| 1 yr | 17.9±2.0 | 17.7±2.3 | 16.9±2.9 | 0.01 |
| Change | −0.43 (−1.74, 1.71) | −0.07 (−1.67, 0.84) | −0.44 (−1.91, 0.69) | 0.4 |
| Sm (cm/s) | ||||
| Baseline | 9.2±1.7 | 9.0±1.8 | 8.8±2.0 | 0.9 |
| 1 yr | 8.3±1.8 | 8.4±2.0 | 8.4±2.2 | 0.7 |
| Change | −0.92 (−2.00, 0.46) | −0.80 (−1.38, 0.43) | −0.46 (−1.50, 0.50) | 0.2 |
| E (cm/s) | ||||
| Baseline | 81.7±19.1 | 77.5±19.4 | 83.2±23.3 | 0.2 |
| 1 yr | 82.2±19.6 | 80.9±18.5 | 83.8±24.5 | 0.6 |
| Change | 0.00 (−0.93, 8.65) | 2.18 (−6.73, 12.46) | 0.00 (−10.15, 11.21) | 0.3 |
| A (cm/s) | ||||
| Baseline | 77.9±18.5 | 84.3±19.4 | 93.1±23. 8 | 0.002 |
| 1 yr | 79.3±19.8 | 85.2±19.8 | 94.2±27.7 | 0.01 |
| Change | 2.57 (−8.00, 13.8) | −0.86 (−6.46, 5.60) | 2.00 (−6.87, 12.00) | 0.4 |
| E/A ratio | ||||
| Baseline | 1.1±0.3 | 1.0±0.3 | 0.9±0.3 | 0.06 |
| 1 yr | 1.1±0.5 | 1.0±0.2 | 1.0±0.7 | 0.6 |
| Change | −0.04 (−0.22, 0.13) | 0.02 (−0.09, 0.18) | −0.00 (−0.12, 0.08) | 0.2 |
| Em (cm/s) | ||||
| Baseline | 10.6±2.9 | 9.9±2.5 | 9.2±2.9 | 0.04 |
| 1 yr | 10.0±2.6 | 9.1±2.4 | 8.5±2.6 | 0.02 |
| Change | −0.50 (−1.39, 0.45) | −0.50 (−1.62, 0.46) | −0.50 (−1.50, 0.49) | 1.0 |
| Am (cm/s) | ||||
| Baseline | 11.0±1.6 | 11.4±2.0 | 11.9±2.6 | 0.04 |
| 1 yr | 10.7±1.9 | 11.0±2.5 | 11.7±2.6 | 0.02 |
| Change | −0.50 (−1.09, 0.50) | −0.45 (−1.50, 0.92) | −0.41 (−1.50, 1.38) | 0.9 |
| E/Em ratio | ||||
| Baseline | 8.1±2.5 | 8.2±2.6 | 9.8±4.0 | 0.001 |
| 1 yr | 8.6±2.7 | 9.4±3.5 | 10.6±4.8 | 0.02 |
| Change | 0.36 (−0.60, 1.57) | 0.91 (0.07, 2.06) | 0.61 (−0.50, 1.95) | 0.1 |
Comparisons of various echocardiographic parameters among the three groups at baseline and 1 year were done using general linear model, adjusting for age and sex. Changes over 1 year are expressed as median (IQR), and comparisons across three groups were done by Kruskal–Wallis test. Data at baseline and 1 year are expressed as mean±SD. A, peak late transmitral flow velocity; E, peak early transmitral flow velocity; E/A, ratio of early to late transmitral flow velocity.