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. 2014 Mar 7;25(7):1586–1597. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2013080900

Table 2.

Levels of mRNA in urinary cells

Type of mRNA ACR (copies/μg total RNA, median [IQR]; n=26) AMR (copies/μg total RNA, median [IQR]; n=26) ATI (copies/μg total RNA, median [IQR]; n=32) P Value (Kruskal–Wallis Test) P Value (Dunn’s Test)
ACR Versus AMR ACR Versus ATI AMR Versus ATI
CD3ε 27,350 (15,525–96,400) 2690 (875–8540) 382 (108–1415) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05
Granzyme B 17,400 (4105–33,950) 2240 (708–5610) 444 (190–2105) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
Perforin 12,950 (4745–48,125) 1920 (407–6443) 21 (84–1313) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05
FoxP3 541 (371–1080) 119 (13–288) 12.5 (12.5–12.5) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05
OX40 4885 (1007–11,450) 422 (127–2033) 235 (12.5–385) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
CD105 32,550 (13,750–55,750) 6890 (1785–16,450) 2950 (663–8398) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
CD146 983 (630–2923) 573 (126–1323) 316 (56–750) <0.01 >0.05 <0.05 >0.05
von Willebrand factor 1245 (523–2680) 718 (121–1960) 316 (88–1096) <0.01 >0.05 <0.05 >0.05
IgJ 1210 (571–4525) 523 (149–3660) 72 (12.5–192) <0.001 >0.05 <0.05 <0.05
PSMB10 214,500 (66,525–484,500) 28,900 (9345–58,975) 28,550 (6253–44,150) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
TRIB1 227,000 (145,250–452,750) 62,450 (18,900–176,500) 86,200 (18,750–242,500) <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
TLR4 25,200 (5363–67,525) 6800 (975–19,725) 4140 (444–13,775) <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
CD14 290,500 (117,025–699,250) 21,500 (9548–88,500) 55,950 (3083–182,250) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
Complement factor 3 16,700 (6028–43,550) 6445 (1233–13,950) 2120 (745–8318) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
Complement factor 5 806 (374–1733) 260 (46–535) 97 (12.5–390) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
Properdin 68,500 (19,600–208,500) 8960 (3165–47,425) 21,450 (1858–59,400) <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
Complement factor B 31,900 (14,200–58,925) 27,150 (14,150–51,475) 15,250 (6085–26,575) 0.01 >0.05 <0.05 >0.05
CD55 571,000 (321,500–1,403,000) 175,500 (63,075–530,000) 173,500 (44,475–891,750) <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
CD46 749,500 (328,000–1,438,000) 173,500 (83,100–411,750) 272,000 (60,075–526,500) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
Vimentin 1,430,000 (556,000–3,810,000) 390,000 (91,100–800,500) 295,500 (53,350–844,250) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
NKCC2 3130 (967–7133) 1031 (214–3480) 1110 (191–2863) <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
E-cadherin 19,200 (7248–41,700) 7160 (3443–15,675) 5310 (1246–14,675) <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
IL-6 1307 (576–10,433) 328 (47–2598) 151 (12.5–1935) <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
CXCL13 7920 (3428–50,600) 437 (12.5–3865) 78 (12.5–459) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
CD20 3360 (644–6805) 449 (133–2088) 89 (12.5–403) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05
TGFβ1 117,000 (44,350–207,250) 27,950 (5410–68,750) 18,050 (2978–46,675) <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05
18S rRNA 1.12×1010 (6.68×109–3.62×1010) 4.15×109 (1.97×109–9.45×109) 4.28×109 (1.40×109–1.19×1010) <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 >0.05

The 26 mRNAs and 18S rRNA were quantified using gene-specific primers and probes by real-time PCR assay. Median absolute copy numbers per microgram of total RNA (IQR; interquartile range) of each mRNA measure and 18S rRNA are shown. P values were calculated using Kruskal–Wallis test of no differences among the ACR, AMR, and ATI biopsy groups. After Kruskal–Wallis test, pairwise comparisons among the three groups were done using the Dunn’s test. P values<0.05 were considered statistically significant. The rationale for the mRNAs selected for inclusion in the mRNA panel is provided in the Supplemental Appendix.