A, unselected SK and KX libraries. Library size was measured by plating on LB-carbenicillin medium and counting colonies; nucleotide and amino acid changes were determined by sequencing 72 individual mutants. For assessment of MMS resistance, cultures of log phase MV1932 cells expressing either wild type AAG, the SK or KX library, or inactive AAG (SK dummy vector) were treated with 0.2% MMS for 1 hr at 37 °C, and surviving colonies were counted. B, The distribution of amino acid changes in the SK and KX libraries was assessed from the sequences of the 73 unselected mutants and 118 selected mutants that survived the MMS treatment described above. The distribution shows post-selection enrichment for the wild-type AAG sequence and a shift toward fewer substitutions per clone.