Atropine (ATR) inhibits carbachol-induced ENaC activation. A: treatment with ATR for 5 min did not affect basal activity of ENaC (Ctr: 0.044 ± 0.007, n = 17. ATR: 0.054 ± 0.013, n = 6), but pretreatment with ATR (100 μM) diminished carbachol (100 μM)-induced increase in ENaC NPo (ATR + CCh: 0.099 ± 0.010, n = 6; CCh: 0.371 ± 0.037, n = 10). B: without ATR, carbachol-induced ΔNPo (100 μM) was 0.318 but with ATR ΔNPo was 0.045, 85.8% of ΔNPo caused by carbachol. Values are means ± SE. *P < 0.05, NSP > 0.05.