Table 1.

Peak fluid volume and rates of fluid reabsorption and secretion and rate of carbachol elimination based on the model described in materials and methods

Drug Concentration (nM)*	Peak Fluid Volume (K)	Rate of Fluid Reabsorption (ka)	Rate of Fluid Secretion (ks)	Rate of Elimination of Drug (ke)
0	−1.12 ± 0.399†	0.0462 ± 0.0375		0.0060 ± 0.0024
100 Carbachol	2.05 ± 0.103†	0.0239 ± 0.0178	85.6 ± 76.9	0.0060 ± 0.0027
250 Carbachol	2.65 ± 0.104†	0.0231 ± 0.00560	106. ± 26.4	0.0020 ± 0.0017
500 Carbachol	3.22 ± 0.323†	0.0316 ± 0.0108	102. ± 38.6	0.00040 ± 0.00090
500 Carbachol +500 Atropine	2.66 ± 0.196‡	0.0119 ± 0.00230	223 ± 46.2	0.00040 ± 0.00090

Values are means ± SE. The model provides values for the peak amount of lung fluid, the initial rate of fluid absorption, and the rate at which fluid levels return to normal (i.e., the rate of drug elimination). The maximal effect of any of the treatments (K) can be statistically compared to measure the effect of different doses of carbachol.

^*Concentration in 0.1 ml of saline injected intraperitoneally,

^†All of these values are significantly different from one another (P < 0.05).

^‡Peak fluid volume for 500 nM atropine +500 nM carbachol is significantly less than for 500 nM carbachol alone.