Table 2. Effect of metformin on serum fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR index and serum IGF-I in A) non-diabetic mice (experiment I) and B) diabetic mice (experiment II).
| A) | Fasting glucose (mM/L) | Fasting insulin (U/L) | HOMA-IR index | IGF-I (ng/ml) |
| Saline | 8.23±0.65 | 7.12±0.5 | 2.68±0.26 | 536±54 |
| DMH | 9.31±0.52 | 6.36±0.47 | 2.61±0.53 | 307±32* |
| Oxaliplatin | 8.65.±0.91 | 5.82±0.64 | 2.23±0.21 | 43±5* # |
| Metformin (100 mg/kg) | 9.14±0.72 | 5.4±0.22 | 2.19±0.14 | 83±6* # |
| Metformin (200 mg/kg) | 9.19±0.54 | 5.23±0.56 | 2.13±0.24 | 40±4* # |
| Combination 1 | 9.65±0.61 | 6.79±0.12 | 2.92±0.24 | 352±23* $≠ |
| Combination 2 | 8.75±0.56 | 5.84±0.21 | 2.27±0.21 | 245±21* $× |
| B) | ||||
| Saline | 13.54±0.9 | 16.12±0.5 | 9.22±0.76 | 4578±454 |
| DMH | 13.32±0.85 | 16.36±0.47 | 9.41±0.68 | 138±12* |
| Oxaliplatin | 13.67±1.1 | 15.82±0.64 | 9.12±0.73 | 307±15* |
| Metformin (100 mg/kg) | 11.12±0.95 | 3.14±0.22* #$ | 1.55±0.14* #$ | 2471±344* #$ |
| Metformin (200 mg/kg) | 9.99±0.82 | 7.23±0.56* #$ | 3.2±0.24* #$ | 1141±123* #$ |
| Combination 1 | 11.66±0.93 | 2.79±0.12* #$ | 1.39±0.14* #$ | 1110±132* #≠ |
| Combination 2 | 10.55±0.76 | 5.84±0.21* #$ | 2.73±0.21* #$ | 137±142* × |
Mice [except saline group] were injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) weekly for 15 week to induce colon cancer then treated with oxaliplatin and/or metformin (100 or 200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. HMOA-IR index: homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance index, DMH: 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. Mice were treated with the implemented agents for four weeks. HOMA-IR index = [fasting glucose (mMol/L) × fasting insulin (µU/ml)]/22.5). Results are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. and analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test.
* P<0.05 compared to saline group.
#
P<0.05 compared to DMH group.
$
P<0.05 compared to oxaliplatin group, n = 5–6.