Table 2. Absolute levels of 31 plasma amino acids in patients who did (cases) and did not (controls) experience cardiovascular events during follow-up.

Amino Acids (µmol/l)	HMDB ID	Control (n = 328)	Case (n = 63)	P value
3-methylhistidine (3MeHis)	HMDB01861	2.3±1.6	3.5±2.8	0.001
Citrulline (Cit)	HMDB00904	38.0±13.2	43.1±15.1	0.016
Tryptophan (Trp)	HMDB00929	60.5±13.0	55.3±13.0	0.016
β-amino-iso-butyric acid (β-AIBA)	Not available	1.6±2.0	2.2±2.3	0.033
Cystine (Cys)	HMDB00192	55.8±13.7	60.0±15.5	0.048
Glutamic acid (Glu)	HMDB00148	33.2±14.7	37.1±16.2	0.078
α-amino adipic acid (α-AAA)	HMDB00510	0.3±0.6	0.4±0.7	0.105
Threonine (Thr)	HMDB00167	130.0±31.2	122.2±32.2	0.118
Methionine (Met)	HMDB00696	27.5±5.8	26.5±5.7	0.153
Serine (Ser)	HMDB00187	116.8±22.5	112.3±21.3	0.160
Histidine (His)	HMDB00177	81.3±11.8	79.1±10.8	0.205
Ethanolamine (EtOHNH2)	HMDB00149	6.9±1.6	6.6±1.5	0.242
Prorine (Pro)	HMDB00162	150.6±41.0	157.3±42.6	0.298
Taurine (Tau)	HMDB00251	61.4±15.1	62.3±13.0	0.307
Arginine (Arg)	HMDB00517	102.4±24.4	105.9±25.9	0.374
Hydroxyproline (HyPro)	HMDB00725	12.3±6.2	12.9±6.2	0.385
Aspartic acid (Asp)	HMDB00191	2.3±1.1	2.4±1.0	0.401
Asparagine (Asn)	HMDB00168	51.8±10.	51.0±10.	0.402
Phenylalanine (Phe)	HMDB00159	67.2±11.1	66.8±12.6	0.519
Ornithine (Orn)	HMDB00214	65.7±16.2	69.2±21.3	0.564
Tyrosine (Tyr)	HMDB00158	78.3±19.2	76.2±18.4	0.599
α-amino-n-butyric acid (α-ABA)	Not available	22.4±6.7	22.1±7.5	0.722
Valine (Val)	HMDB00883	250.3±45.8	245.5±43.5	0.741
Isoleucine (Ile)	HMDB00172	75.9±17.1	75.8±15.9	0.838
Glycine (Gly)	HMDB00123	227.2±54.9	228.5±53.8	0.851
Sarcosine (Sar)	HMDB00271	2.1±1.0	2.1±1.1	0.876
Glutamine (Gln)	HMDB00641	622.7±120.4	631.4±154.8	0.876
Leucine (Leu)	HMDB00687	137.0±27.2	135.2±26.3	0.926
1-methylhistidine (1MeHis)	HMDB00001	4.2±5.4	4.5±6.2	0.953
Alanine (Ala)	HMDB00161	428.7±94.6	427.5±93.1	0.954
Lysine (Lys)	HMDB00182	197.9±37.1	200.0±43.1	0.974

Abbreviations: HMDB ID: Human Metabolome Database ID.