TABLE 4.

Descriptive Statistics of the NNNS Scales Across the NICUs Stratified for Quality Care Level and ANOVAs Results

NNNS Scales	ICC Index						IPM Index						Main Effects				Covariatea
	Low (NICU = 12)			High (NICU = 13)			Low (NICU = 14)			High (NICU = 11)			ICC		IPM		VON-RA index
	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	F	η2p	F	η2p	B	η2p
Habituation	7.51	1.63	62	7.33	1.83	52	7.69	1.44	54	7.20	1.92	60	0.45	0.00	3.05	0.03	2.61	0.03
Attention	5.59	1.20	92	5.97	1.41	76	5.46	1.25	86	6.08	1.31	82	4.42b	0.03	10.44d	0.06	−2.00b	0.03
Arousal	3.89	0.66	95	3.74	0.55	76	3.73	0.64	88	3.92	0.58	83	3.20	0.02	4.41b	0.03	0.02	0.00
Regulation	5.65	0.84	94	5.96	0.66	76	5.76	0.90	87	5.82	0.62	83	7.06c	0.04	0.03	0.00	−0.56	0.01
Handling	0.47	0.26	90	0.44	0.23	74	0.46	0.26	83	0.45	0.24	81	1.18	0.01	0.03	0.00	0.16	0.01
Quality of movement	4.52	0.58	93	4.64	0.73	74	4.62	0.66	86	4.54	0.65	81	1.63	0.01	1.14	0.01	−0.17	0.00
Excitability	2.51	1.79	96	1.88	1.59	77	2.11	1.76	89	2.36	1.70	84	6.23b	0.04	1.52	0.01	0.21	0.00
Lethargy	3.73	2.28	97	3.60	1.98	81	4.00	2.39	91	3.33	1.80	87	0.18	0.00	4.24b	0.02	0.95	0.00
Nonoptimal reflexes	5.05	2.48	97	4.35	2.59	81	5.20	2.72	91	4.24	2.27	87	3.21	0.02	6.37c	0.04	3.30b	0.02
Asymmetric reflexes	1.21	1.71	97	0.86	1.56	81	1.04	1.79	91	1.06	1.50	87	2.92	0.02	0.03	0.00	2.42b	0.03
Hypertonicity	0.03	0.18	95	0.01	0.11	77	0.05	0.21	88	0.00	0.00	84	0.49	0.00	3.35	0.02	0.06	0.00
Hypotonicity	0.18	0.56	95	0.06	0.25	77	0.10	0.48	88	0.15	0.42	84	5.04b	0.03	0.79	0.00	0.82c	0.04
Stress/abstinence	0.18	0.07	96	0.13	0.08	77	0.16	0.08	89	0.16	0.08	84	21.31d	0.11	0.30	0.00	−0.02	0.00

^aFor covariate analysis, values are reported for the regression coefficients (B) that allow an easier data interpretation of effect direction.

^bP ≤ .05.

^cP ≤ .01.

^dP ≤ .001.