(a,b) 2-month-old WT or Sesn2−/− mice kept on LFD were injected with Tm (500 mg per kg body weight, i.p.). After indicated hr, livers were harvested from the treated mice and analyzed (n = 4). Protein phosphorylation and expression were analyzed by immunoblotting (images with black bands) (a) and quantified (b). XBP1 mRNA splicing was examined through semi-quantitative RT-PCR (images with white bands) (a). (c-i) 6-month-old WT (n = 6) and Sesn2−/− (n = 5) mice kept on LFD or HFD for 4 months (c-f) and 4-month-old Lepob/ob/Sesn2+/− (Con, n = 4) and Lepob/ob/Sesn2−/− (n = 6) mice kept on LFD (g-i) were analyzed. Protein phosphorylation and expression were analyzed by immunoblotting (c,g) and quantified by densitometry (d,h). Liver sections were stained with indicated antibodies (e). Relative mRNA expression of ER stress-inducible genes was quantified through qRT-PCR (f,i). Scale bars, 100 μm. All data are shown as the mean ± s.e.m. P values are from Student’s t test. Molecular weight markers are indicated in kDa (immunoblots) or bp (agarose gels).