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. 2014 Aug 8;470(2168):20140076. doi: 10.1098/rspa.2014.0076

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© 2014 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

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Figure 3. — (a) VX detected in S. alba grown in VX contaminated clay, loam and sand determined by LC-MS of ethanol extracts of pulverized plants. (b) EMPA detected in S. alba grown in different soils contaminated with VX from derivatization and GC-MS of the ethanol extracts. (c) MPA detected in plants grown in different soils contaminated with VX, revealed by derivatization and GC-MS of the plant extracts. (a–c) Data points in each graph are averages from analysis of 10 plants and error bars represent the data standard deviation. (Online version in colour.)