Table 1.
Reactivity of Various Substances with Folin-Ciocalteu Phenol Reagent
| Compound | Molar Mass (g/mol) | GAE (mass) | GAE (molar) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phenolic compounds | |||
| caffeic acid | 180.16 | 1.00 | 0.958 |
| chlorogenic acid | 354.31 | 0.722 | 1.36 |
| curcumin | 368.40 | 0.722 | 1.41 |
| ellagic acid | 302.19 | 1.32 | 2.12 |
| ferulic acid | 194.18 | 1.05 | 1.08 |
| gallic acid | 188.14 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| quercetin | 338.00 | 1.16 | 2.08 |
| resveratrol | 228.25 | 1.01 | 1.23 |
| rutin | 610.52 | 0.568 | 1.53 |
| salicylic acid | 138.12 | 0.357 | 0.262 |
| tannic acid | 1701.00 | 0.878 | 9.04 |
| Thiol derivatives | |||
| amifostine | 214.22 | 0.378 | 0.430 |
| captopril | 217.29 | 0.323 | 0.373 |
| cysteamine HCl | 113.61 | 0.304 | 0.184 |
| glutathione | 307.30 | 0.161 | 0.263 |
| MPG | 163.20 | 0.342 | 0.297 |
| N-acetylcysteine | 163.20 | 0.395 | 0.378 |
| penicillamine | 149.21 | 0.333 | 0.264 |
| PTCA | 175.25 | 0.180 | 0.141 |
| RibCys | 253.23 | 0.202 | 0.271 |
| WR-1065 | 134.24 | 0.375 | 0.268 |
| Vitamin derivatives | |||
| ascorbic acid | 176.12 | 0.662 | 0.620 |
| biotin | 244.31 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| folic acid | 441.40 | 0.071 | 0.167 |
| folinic acid | 473.44 | 0.069 | 0.174 |
| menadione | 172.18 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| NADH | 709.40 | 0.054 | 0.204 |
| nicotinic acid | 123.11 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| pyridoxine | 205.64 | 0.211 | 0.231 |
| retinoic acid | 300.42 | 0.404 | 0.645 |
| riboflavin | 376.36 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| thiamine | 337.28 | 0.183 | 0.328 |
| trolox | 250.29 | 0.395 | 0.525 |
| Amino acids | |||
| alanine | 89.09 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| arginine | 174.20 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| cysteine | 121.16 | 0.281 | 0.181 |
| glycine | 75.07 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| histidine | 155.16 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| hydroxyproline | 131.13 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| lysine | 146.19 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| methionine | 149.21 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| tryptophan | 204.22 | 0.413 | 0.448 |
| tyrosine | 181.19 | 0.397 | 0.382 |
| Nucleotide Bases | |||
| adenine | 135.13 | 0.0223 | 0.0160 |
| guanine | 151.13 | 0.340 | 0.273 |
| cytosine | 111.10 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| thymine | 126.11 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Unsaturated fatty acids | |||
| arachidonic acid | 304.50 | 0.0045 | 0.0160 |
| linoleic acid | 280.45 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| linolenic acid | 278.42 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Carbohydrates and proteins | |||
| Dihydroxyacetone | 90.08 | 0.0444 | 0.0212 |
| D-deoxyribose | 164.16 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| D-fructose | 180.16 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| D-glucose | 180.16 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| D-glyceraldehyde | 90.08 | 0.0243 | 0.0120 |
| D-lactose | 342.30 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| D-maltose | 342.30 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Methylcellulose | ~440 kd | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| potato starch | ~1000 kd | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| D-sucrose | 342.30 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| egg albumin | ~65 kd | 0.0163 | 5.63 |
| bovine serum albumin | 69.3 kd | 0.0282 | 10.39 |
| Aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids | |||
| cinnamic acid | 148.17 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| citric acid | 192.12 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| oxalic acid | 126.07 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| quinic acid | 197.17 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| sodium tartrate | 196.07 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| alpha ionone | 192.30 | 0.0043 | 0.0044 |
| 2,3-butanedione | 86.09 | 0.180 | 0.00824 |
| cinnamaldehyde | 132.16 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| citronellal | 154.25 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Inorganic salts | |||
| iron (II) chloride | 126.73 | 0.149 | 0.100 |
| manganese (II) chloride | 125.84 | 0.0432 | 0.0289 |
| sodium nitrite | 85.01 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| sodium sulfite | 126.04 | 0.0506 | 0.0339 |
| potassium iodide | 166.00 | 0.0224 | 0.0198 |
| Miscellaneous compounds | |||
| caffeine | 194.19 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| cystamine * | 225.20 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| glutathione disulfide | 612.60 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| menthol | 156.27 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Substituted salicylic acids | |||
| 3,5-diisopropylsalicylic acid (DIPS) | 222.28 | 0.241 | 0.285 |
| 3,5-dibromosalicylic acid (DBS) | 295.93 | 0.135 | 0.213 |
| 3,5-ditert-butylsalicylic acid (DTBS) | 250.34 | 0.0552 | 0.0735 |
| Metal complexes | |||
| Zn(II)(DIPS)2 | 543.92 | 0.0875 | 0.253 |
| Zn(II)(DTBS)2 | 600.08 | 0.0333 | 0.106 |
| Cu(II)2(DIPS)4 | 1084.25 | 0.0713 | 0.411 |
| Cu(II)2(D BS)4 | 1378.78 | 0.0883 | 0.647 |
| Cu(II)2(DTBS)4 | 1196.47 | 0.0198 | 0.126 |
*
Cystamine is the disulfide of cysteamine