Table 1.

Effects of selected mutations in VZV genes and promoters on the tropism of varicellazoster virus for T cells and skin in the SCID mouse model

	Cell culture in vitro				SCIDhu mice in vivo
	Virus	Growth kinetics	Plaque size	T cell entry	Skin xenografts	T cell xenografts
Recombinant Oka	+	+++	Normal		++	++
Glycoproteins
ΔgB-491-RSSR-494	+	+++	Normal		+
gB 428-GSGG-431	+	+++	Normal		+
Viral kinases
ORF47- ΔC (C-terminal deletion)	+	++	Normal		+	−
ORF47P-S1 (kinase motif mutant)	+	++	Normal		++
ORF47P-S2 (kinase motif mutant)	+	++	Normal		++
ORF47D-N (kinase motif mutant)	+	++	Normal		+	−
ORF66S (stop codon mutant)	+	+				+
ORF66 S48A (kinase domain)	+
ORF66 S331A (kinase domain)	+
ORF66 G102A (kinase domain)	+	++			+	+/−
ORF66 S250P (kinase domain)	+	++			++	++
Tegument/regulatory proteins
ΔORF62 (complete deletion)	+	+++	Normal		++
	+	+++	Normal		++
ΔORF71 (complete deletion)
ΔORF62/71 (double deletion)	−
Δ63/70 (double deletion)	−
Δ63 (single copy deletion)	+	++	Normal		++	++
ORF63 T171 (phosphorylation)	+	+	Small		+	++
ORF63 S181 (phosphorylation)	+	+	Small		+	++
ORF63 S185 (phosphorylation)	+	+	Small		+	++
ORF9-10 cluster
ORF9	−
ΔORF10 (complete deletion)	+	+++	Normal		+	++
ORF10 P28A (acidic domain)	+	+++	Normal		++
ORF10 P28S (acidic domain)	+	+++	Normal		++
ΔORF11	+	+++	Normal	+	+/−
ΔORF12	+	+++	Normal	+	++
ΔORF10/11	+	+++	Normal		+/−
ΔORF10/11/12	+	+++	Normal	+	+/−
ΔORF11/12	+	+++	Normal		+/−
Promoter mutants
ORF10-proΔ+39/+63	+	+++	Normal		++
ORF10-proΔUSF	+	+++	Normal		+