Table 5.
Unstandardized Coefficients and Corresponding Standard Errors for Breastfeeding Duration (in Weeks) from Regression Models Predicting Select Outcomes among NLSY Children Aged 4–14, 1986–2010
| Between-Family Estimates |
Within-Family Estimates |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||
| Full Samplea | Sibling Samplea | Sibling Sampleb | |||||||
| b | S.E. | b | S.E. | b | S.E. | ||||
| Body Mass Index | −0.007 |
** (33,502) |
0.002 | −0.007 |
** (30,031) |
0.003 | 0.005 | (30,031) | 0.003 |
| Obese | −0.007 |
** (33,502) |
0.002 | −0.006 |
* (30,031) |
0.002 | 0.001 | (30,031) | 0.004 |
| Asthma | 0.004 |
* (34,663) |
0.002 | 0.004 |
+ (30,998) |
0.002 | 0.006 | (30,998) | 0.008 |
| Hyperactivityc | −0.020 |
** (32,973) |
0.007 | −0.017 |
* (29,513) |
0.008 | −0.015 | (29,513) | 0.012 |
| Attachment | 0.009 |
*** (11,101) |
0.003 | 0.008 |
** (9,896) |
0.003 | 0.005 | (9,896) | 0.004 |
| Compliance | 0.005 |
+ (11,074) |
0.003 | 0.006 |
+ (9,873) |
0.003 | 0.009 |
+ (9,873) |
0.005 |
| PIAT Mathc | 0.059 |
*** (28,179) |
0.008 | 0.056 |
*** (25,293) |
0.008 | 0.012 | (25,293) | 0.012 |
| PIAT Readingc | 0.047 |
*** (28,068) |
0.009 | 0.048 |
** (25,190) |
0.009 | 0.008 | (25,190) | 0.014 |
| Peabody Picture Vocabularyc | 0.084 |
*** (15,969) |
0.012 | 0.087 |
*** (14,342) |
0.013 | 0.007 | (14,342) | 0.021 |
| Wechsler Intelligence Scalec | 0.007 |
*** (15,161) |
0.002 | 0.006 |
* (13,604) |
0.002 | −0.005 | (13,604) | 0.003 |
| Scholastic Competence | 0.119 |
*** (12,099) |
0.029 | 0.126 |
*** (10,961) |
0.032 | 0.015 | (10,961) | 0.058 |
Source: National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 - Children’s Sample (NLSY-Childrens).
Notes: All data are weighted to reflect the complex sampling design of the NLSY79 study.
Controls measured at the date of interview include: year, age, sex, race, marital status, region, insurance coverage, family income, mother’s education, and mother’s employment. Controls measured at the time of birth include: preterm birth, birth order, mother’s age, family income, mother’s education, mother’s employment, smoked during pregnancy, drank during pregnancy, and timely prenatal care.
Models include all control variables listed above as well as within family fixed effects.
Dependent variables are standardized by age.
p < 0.001
p < 0.01
p < 0.05
p < 0.10